Section 1: Introduction to Architectural/Interior Design and Drafting

Question 1

What is a drafter?

Answer 1

A person who creates the drawings and details for another person’s creations.

Question 2

What’s the purpose of an interior designer?

Answer 2

To decorate the interior of a building. Making it more attractive, comfortable, and functional.

Question 3

What do Interior designers specifically plan?

Answer 3

1. Color
2. Light
3. Form
4. Acoustics
5. Seating
6. Work areas
7. Storage
8. How the space is accessed.

Question 4

What considerations should be given regarding rooms and surfaces

Answer 4

• The shape of individual rooms within a structure.
• The texture of finished surfaces.
• How furnishing will affect the usage of areas within a structure.
• ## The design of surfaces

Question 5

What must Interior designers also be knowledgeable in?

Answer 5

• Many types and characteristics of furnishings, accesories, and ornaments used in creating interiors.
• Furniture, lighting, carpeting, and other floor coverings, paint and wall coverings, glass, wrought metal, fixtures, art, and artifacts.

Question 6

What is a designer’s role in a team.

Answer 6

Usually they are the lead in a team of drafters and under the supervision of an architect, an engineer, or both.

Question 7

In what two areas do some interior designers choose to specialize?

Answer 7

Bathrooms and kitchens

Question 8

What are the three professional levels of the National Kitchen & bath Association?

Answer 8

• Associate Kitchen & Bath Designer (AKBD)
• Certified Kitchen Designer (CKD)
• Certified Master Kitchen & Bathroom Designer (CMKBD)

Question 9

What is an architect?

Answer 9

A licensed professional who designs commercial and residential structures. They can perform the tasks of many professionals, including designer, artist, project manager, and construction supervisor.

Question 10

In general, what is an engineer?

Answer 10

A licensed professional who applies mathematical and scientific principles to the design and construction of structures.

Question 11

What are the 3 main types of engineers used in construction?

Answer 11

1. Electrical engineers
2. Mechanical engineers
3. Civil engineers

Question 12

What does LEED stand for and what does it do?

Answer 12

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design. It is a Green Building Rating System and it is used to evaluate key areas of building projects such as:
- Sustainable sites.
- Water Efficiency
- Indoor environmental quality
- Energy and atmosphere
- Material and resources
- Innovation and the design process

Question 13

What is the NGBS?

Answer 13

the National Green Building Standards is a group of guiding principles that can be used throughout the construction process to ensure an environmentally friendly project.

Question 14

What should be established before design starts?

Answer 14

The budget of the home owner.

Question 15

Basic materials will account for roughly what percentage of the project?

Answer 15

50%

Question 16

What is a good way to gauge space in a room?

Answer 16

Place furniture in the room, use furniture outlines of transfer shapes known as rub-ons, templates, or freehand sketching methods.

Question 17

What should be done in the final stages of the preliminary process (when the floor plans are roughly complete).

Answer 17

Start planning interior finishes, with the interior space designed, the interior details can be fleshed out.
You can use interior elevations, interior perspectives, and presentation boards.
You should also start looking into key pieces of furniture, lighting fixtures, and equipment.
(Presentation boards let you present sample of cloth or other materials that can be used for wall finishes and furniture.)

Question 18

Name 6 of the specific drawings that will need to be completed for a new house.

Answer 18

• Foundation drawings
• Site drawings
• Roof drawings
• Electrical drawings
• Cabinet drawings

Question 19

What is a site plan used for?

Answer 19

It is used to show how the structure relates to the site. When the site is relatively flat, grading information is placed on this drawing.

Question 20

What is a grading plan used for?

Answer 20

It is used to define new and existing grades, and the cut and fill banks that will be recreated as the soil is relocated.

Question 21

Many architectural firms number each page based on the type of drawing, finish these representations:
A-
S-
M-
E-
P-

Answer 21

A- Architectural
S- Structural
M- Mechanical
E- Electrical
p- Plumbing

Question 22

What does the roof plan show?

Answer 22

It shows the shape of the roof structure as well as vents and drains.

Question 23

What is the preliminary floor plan used for?

Answer 23

It is used to form the base of the finished floor plan. Text to describe all interior materials must be provided.

Question 24

What are notes and schedules?

Answer 24

Charts and tables that callout sizes, types, and quantities using symbols and descriptions.

Question 25

Notes and schedules are typically displayed where?

Answer 25

Near the floor plan

Question 26

What does the electrical plan show?

Answer 26

It shows the locations for lights, plugs, switches, and other electrical fixtures and specifications. You can use the floor plan as a base drawing and then add the electrical information on new layers.

Question 27

How do you explain fixtures on the electrical plan?

Answer 27

By using notes and legends.

Question 28

Typically, the owner is responsible for hiring who?
(This person provides topography and site maps)

Answer 28

A surveyor

Question 29

In addition to showing materials needed to frame the structure, what other materials should be shown?

Answer 29

Materials needed to frame the structure, materials needed to resist wind, seismic, and other forces of nature.

Question 30

What are section views used to show?

Answer 30

They are used to show the vertical relationships of the structural members.
Each section that is referenced also shows a viewing plane line that shows where the structure is “cut” and in which direction the viewer is looking.

Question 31

What does the foundation plan show?

Answer 31

the foundation plan shows how each of the loads will be supported. The foundation resists not only the loads caused by gravity but also the loads from seismic forces, winds, and flooding.