Section 1: Introduction to Architectural/Interior Design and Drafting Flashcards
What is a drafter?
A person who creates the drawings and details for another person’s creations.
What’s the purpose of an interior designer?
To decorate the interior of a building. Making it more attractive, comfortable, and functional.
What do Interior designers specifically plan?
- Color
- Light
- Form
- Acoustics
- Seating
- Work areas
- Storage
- How the space is accessed.
What considerations should be given regarding rooms and surfaces
- The shape of individual rooms within a structure.
- The texture of finished surfaces.
- How furnishing will affect the usage of areas within a structure.
- ## The design of surfaces
What must Interior designers also be knowledgeable in?
- Many types and characteristics of furnishings, accesories, and ornaments used in creating interiors.
- Furniture, lighting, carpeting, and other floor coverings, paint and wall coverings, glass, wrought metal, fixtures, art, and artifacts.
What is a designer’s role in a team.
Usually they are the lead in a team of drafters and under the supervision of an architect, an engineer, or both.
In what two areas do some interior designers choose to specialize?
Bathrooms and kitchens
What are the three professional levels of the National Kitchen & bath Association?
- Associate Kitchen & Bath Designer (AKBD)
- Certified Kitchen Designer (CKD)
- Certified Master Kitchen & Bathroom Designer (CMKBD)
What is an architect?
A licensed professional who designs commercial and residential structures. They can perform the tasks of many professionals, including designer, artist, project manager, and construction supervisor.
In general, what is an engineer?
A licensed professional who applies mathematical and scientific principles to the design and construction of structures.
What are the 3 main types of engineers used in construction?
- Electrical engineers
- Mechanical engineers
- Civil engineers
What does LEED stand for and what does it do?
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design. It is a Green Building Rating System and it is used to evaluate key areas of building projects such as:
- Sustainable sites.
- Water Efficiency
- Indoor environmental quality
- Energy and atmosphere
- Material and resources
- Innovation and the design process
What is the NGBS?
the National Green Building Standards is a group of guiding principles that can be used throughout the construction process to ensure an environmentally friendly project.
What should be established before design starts?
The budget of the home owner.
Basic materials will account for roughly what percentage of the project?
50%
What is a good way to gauge space in a room?
Place furniture in the room, use furniture outlines of transfer shapes known as rub-ons, templates, or freehand sketching methods.
What should be done in the final stages of the preliminary process (when the floor plans are roughly complete).
Start planning interior finishes, with the interior space designed, the interior details can be fleshed out.
You can use interior elevations, interior perspectives, and presentation boards.
You should also start looking into key pieces of furniture, lighting fixtures, and equipment.
(Presentation boards let you present sample of cloth or other materials that can be used for wall finishes and furniture.)
Name 6 of the specific drawings that will need to be completed for a new house.
- Foundation drawings
- Site drawings
- Roof drawings
- Electrical drawings
- Cabinet drawings
What is a site plan used for?
It is used to show how the structure relates to the site. When the site is relatively flat, grading information is placed on this drawing.
What is a grading plan used for?
It is used to define new and existing grades, and the cut and fill banks that will be recreated as the soil is relocated.
Many architectural firms number each page based on the type of drawing, finish these representations:
A-
S-
M-
E-
P-
A- Architectural
S- Structural
M- Mechanical
E- Electrical
p- Plumbing
What does the roof plan show?
It shows the shape of the roof structure as well as vents and drains.
What is the preliminary floor plan used for?
It is used to form the base of the finished floor plan. Text to describe all interior materials must be provided.
What are notes and schedules?
Charts and tables that callout sizes, types, and quantities using symbols and descriptions.
Notes and schedules are typically displayed where?
Near the floor plan
What does the electrical plan show?
It shows the locations for lights, plugs, switches, and other electrical fixtures and specifications. You can use the floor plan as a base drawing and then add the electrical information on new layers.
How do you explain fixtures on the electrical plan?
By using notes and legends.
Typically, the owner is responsible for hiring who?
(This person provides topography and site maps)
A surveyor
In addition to showing materials needed to frame the structure, what other materials should be shown?
Materials needed to frame the structure, materials needed to resist wind, seismic, and other forces of nature.
What are section views used to show?
They are used to show the vertical relationships of the structural members.
Each section that is referenced also shows a viewing plane line that shows where the structure is “cut” and in which direction the viewer is looking.
What does the foundation plan show?
the foundation plan shows how each of the loads will be supported. The foundation resists not only the loads caused by gravity but also the loads from seismic forces, winds, and flooding.
