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Architectural Drafting & Design > 2. Residential Design > Flashcards

2. Residential Design Flashcards

1
Q

Who sets construction specifications?

A

The individual architect or engineering firm that made the design or drawings.

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2
Q

Describe what construction specifications mean?

A

They are the written documents that describe in detail the requirements for products, materials, and workmanship upon which the construction project is based.

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3
Q

What are Proprietary product specifications?

A

These specifications call out product names and models for desired applications. This type of specification can also include “or equivalent” callouts to allow for alternative products.

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4
Q

What is a Method specification?

A

The outline of material selection and the construction operation process to be followed in providing construction materials and practices.
These specifications provide the final desired structure, such as the concrete thickness and strength, or the lumber dimensions, spacing, species

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5
Q

What are End-result specifications?

A

These describe the final characteristics of the products and methods used in construction, and the contractor can use a desired method to meet the requirements, thus placing the construction quality on the contractor.
This also gives the contractor freedom in achieving the final product which can lead to innovation, efficiency, and lower costs.

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6
Q

True or False. Specifications for commercial construction projects are less complex.

A

False.

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7
Q

What is the MasterFormat?

A

A master list of numbers and subject tiles for organizing information about construction work results, requirements, products, and activities into a standard sequence.

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8
Q

What is the Uniformat system?

A

A uniform classification system for organizing preliminary construction information into a standard order or sequence on the basis of functional elements.

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9
Q

What is Green Building?

A

The incorporation of environmental considerations and resources into every step of the construction process.

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10
Q

What are the 4 levels of LEED certification?

A
  1. Certified: 26-32 points
  2. Silver: 33-38 points
  3. Gold: 39-51 points
  4. Platinum 52 or more points.
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11
Q

What is the purpose of the LEED rating system?

A

To blend the structure with the environment, reduce operating costs, and aid in marketing the structure for resale.

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12
Q

Name six areas that LEED checks for.

A
  1. Sustainable sites
  2. Water efficiency
  3. Indoor Environmental quality
  4. Energy and atmosphere
  5. Material and Resources
  6. Innovation and the Design Process (Includes resource efficiency.)
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13
Q

What is a habitable space?

A

When it is used for sleeping, living, cooking, or dining purposes.

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14
Q

What are nonhabitable spaces?

A

Closets, pantries, bath or toilet rooms, hallways, utility rooms, storage spaces, garages, dark-rooms, and other similar spaces.

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15
Q

For building code purposes, the exterior of walls of a residential building cannot be within ______ of the property lines unless special provisions are met.

A

5 Feet.

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16
Q

What are means of Egress?

A

A continuous and unobstructed path of vertical and horizontal egress travel from all portions of the dwelling to the exterior of the dwelling at the required egress door without requiring travel through a garage. (Use paths, doors, and stairs to provide this.)

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17
Q

What is the minimum for doors in terms of width and height?

A

32” wide and 78” high. when the door is open 90 degrees.

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18
Q

What must be provided on the side of each exterior door?

A

A floor or landing.

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19
Q

What is the minimum width for hallways?

A

36 inches.

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20
Q

What is the IRC minimum standard for stairs?

A

Width: 36”
Rise: 7’ 3/4”
Tread: 10”

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21
Q

All stairways with four or more stairs are required to have what?

A

At least one smooth handrail that extends the length of the stair. The rail must be placed on the open side of the stairs and must be 34” to 38” above the front edge of the stair.

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22
Q

The IRC requires that all habitable rooms have what provided?

A

Sunlight provided by windows.

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23
Q

What is the minimum size for a bathroom?

A

30” wide and at least 21” in front of the toilet and 21” in front of the sink without hitting an obstruction.

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24
Q

What key elements in Climate and Geographic Design Criteria should be known to design a safe structure?

A
  • Air freezing index
  • Flood hazard
  • Ground snow load
  • Mean annual temperature
  • Ice barrier underlayment
  • Seismic design category
  • Susceptibility to damage by frost line depth.
  • Susceptibility to damage by termites
  • Susceptibility to damage by weathering
  • Wind design–speed
  • Wind design–topographic effects
  • Winter design–temperature
25
Q

What does the ground snow load affect on the house?

A

The sizes of structural members. The amount of snow that can be expected will also be important in planning access to the structure when the maximum amount of snow is on the ground.

26
Q

What does the frost line depth determine?

A

It determines the minimum depth of the footings below the finish grade.

27
Q

What does insulation do?

A

It restricts the flow of heat, cold, or sound in the building envelope. This saves energy costs and helps maintain a uniform temperature around the house.

28
Q

How are materials judged by their ability to slow heat transfer?

A

This is known as their thermal resistance and the R-value measures how effective they are at this.

29
Q

What imporatnt considerations should be thought of when desinging a house for somone?

A
  • Number of inhabitants
  • Ages and genders of the children
  • Future plans to add onto the dwelling
  • A list of general family activities to be done in the home
  • Entertainment habits
  • Desired number of bedrooms and bathrooms
  • Kitchen appliances desired.
  • Planned length of stay in the residence.
  • Live in requirements for people with disabilities
  • The budget for the home
  • The style of home
  • Neighborhood covenants, conditions, and restrictions.
30
Q

What are living areas and where should they be?

A

Living, dining, family, den, and nook areas. These places are where friends and family will spend most of their leisure time. The rooms of the living area should be clustered together near the entry to allow for easy access for guests.

31
Q

What entries should be included in a home?

A

The main entry, and a service entry that provides access between the garage, yards, and service areas.

32
Q

What is a common way to accent the front door.

A

Have a raised entry. The front door should be inviting and define clear access to the front door.

33
Q

What is the second consideration in planning the entry?

A

You want to provide cover and protection from the weather for guests. (Windbreaks are achieved by recessing the entry area.)

34
Q

What should the foyer do?

A

It should create a warm, inviting feeling and enhance traffic flow throughout the house.
It also serves as a welcoming area or saying goodbye area.
A closet should also be located near the front door if there is no mudroom.

35
Q

What is the minimum width recommended for living rooms?

A

12’-14’

36
Q

How should seating be arranged in the living room?

A

typically with a diameter of 9’ and arranged so that you can take advantage of a view or fireplace.

37
Q

If a room is primarily used in the evening, where should it be.

A

It should be in the southwest because of the natural evening light at this time.

38
Q

What do many designers do to enhance a feeling of separation and discourage through traffic in living rooms?

A

They place the living room one or more steps below the level of the rest of the home.

39
Q

What is a nook?

A

Its a place where the family can eat most meals or snacks, the dining room if for formal eating. Both however, should be close to the kitchen.

40
Q

What is a den?

A

In many cases it serves as a buffer between the lving room and sleeping areas. It can also be used as a guest room or spare bedroom.

41
Q

A pleasing display of what should be a part of every family room?

A

Fireplace, television, and display and storage units.

42
Q

Many custom homes come with what as part of the design?

A

A home theater

43
Q

What are the four common layouts for a home theater?

A
  1. Small listening area
  2. Elongated room
  3. L-Shaped room
  4. Large listening area
44
Q

What are the 5 key components of a bedroom?

A
  1. Sleeping
  2. Relaxation
  3. Study
  4. Storage
  5. Dressing
45
Q

Where do bathrooms function the best?

A

On the southeast of the house, this way they get morning sunlight.

46
Q

Where should bedrooms be located?

A

With access from a hallway for privacy from living areas, and be near bathrooms.

47
Q

What does a well-designed master suite contain?

A
  • Spacious room for the queen or king sized bed.
  • A fireplace
  • A sitting area
  • Direct access to the wardrobe and bathing areas
  • Access to a private deck or balcony.
48
Q

What are the minimum sizes for bedrooms?

A

70 square feet according to the IRC and 100 square feet if you’re being financed by the FHA (Federal Housing Authority.)
Plan for 24” on each side of the bed and often times you’ll need a minimum of a single bed, a small bedside table, and a dresser.

49
Q

Around what size should a master suite be?

A

At least 12’ X 14’ plus closet areas.

50
Q

True or false. Try to arrange bedrooms so that at least 2 walls can be used for bed placement.

A

True, this helps with periodic furniture movement.

51
Q

What is important regarding windows in a bedroom?

A

Morning sunlight is desirable but it shouldn’t touch the bed.

52
Q

Remember to include what in bedrooms for emergencies?

A

Emergency egress for escape.

53
Q

True or False. Closets are required by building codes.

A

False

54
Q

What is the recommended closet space length for males and females (They’re different).

A

48” for males and 72” for females.

55
Q

What is the minimum of walk in closets for master bedrooms.

A

6’ X 6’

56
Q

True or False. Access to the bathroom should not require having to pass through the living or sleeping areas.

A

True.

57
Q

Which room should receive the largest amount of natural sunlight?

A

The kitchen

58
Q

What square footage defines a kitchen as small vs large?

A

Under 150 Sq. Ft. is small. Over 150 Sq. Ft. is large.

59
Q

The NKBA (National Kitchen Bath Association) recommends what 5 items be in the main storage area of the kitchen?

A
  1. Lowered wall cabinets
  2. Raised base cabinets
  3. Tall cabinets
  4. Appliance garage
  5. Bins, racks, swing out pantry closets, interior vertical dividers, specialized drawers, pullout shelves.

Architectural Drafting & Design (12 decks)

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