Section 1 chapter 3

Question 1

What were the four broad classes in 1906

Answer 1

Upper class, middle class, lower middle class, working class

Question 2

Outline the upper class

Answer 2

• Wealthy landowners
• Also those who obtained wealth from industry

Question 3

outline the middle class

Answer 3

• Middle and upper classes= 1/4 Population at the time
• Made up of professionals

Question 4

outline the lower middle class

Answer 4

Non manual employees
- shop assistants etc

Question 5

Outline the working class

Answer 5

• Made up 75% of population
• Engaged in various manual work

Question 6

charles booth

Answer 6

• First to carry out research into poverty
• Found poverty in London was closer to 31%

Question 7

Rowntree

Answer 7

• Built on work of booth
• Investigated poverty in York
• found 28% living in poverty

Question 8

Influence of booth and Rountree

Answer 8

• Argued poverty was result of external factors and beyond control of even most hard working

Question 9

What taxes were introduced in the budget of 1909

Answer 9

• Tax on cars according to horsepower
• Income tax on a sliding scale ‘ Progressive taxation’

Question 10

what was the response to the taxes introduced in the budget of 1909

Answer 10

• Easily passed through House of Commons
• Fierce resistance in House of Lords - many who were rich

Question 11

What social welfare reform was passed in 1906

Answer 11

• education Act [provision of meals ]
• Local authorities given power to provide free school meals

Question 12

What social and welfare reform was passed in 1907

Answer 12

• education act [medical inspection]
• compulsory to medically inspect school children
• Did not always provide treatment

Question 13

What social and welfare reform was passed in 1908

Answer 13

• old age pensions act
• Scheme was paid for by General Taxation
• Limitation= Pensioners had to be of good character

Question 14

What social and welfare reform was passed in 1911

Answer 14

• National insurance [sickness] act
• Scheme paid out weekly sickness benefits
• Maternity grants + disability benefits

Question 15

Effect of social and welfare legislation

Answer 15

• Liberals never created welfare state
• But did as they intended- Created a basic minimum

Question 16

what areas were left unaided by the social and welfare legislation

Answer 16

• Housing remained in short supply
• No attempt to reform the poor law
• No reform to education