Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IT > Section 1 > Flashcards

Section 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Name 4 input devices.

A

Mouse
Keyboard
Scanner
Cameras
MIDI Keyboard
Graphics Tablet
Microphone
Joystick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does a biometric device do?

A

Inputs data about a person’s unique physical characteristics such as a fingerprint, facial features or iris/ retina scan.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name 3 advantages of biometrics.

A

Unique, quick + easy to perform, no physical item to remember (like a key card)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name 3 disadvantages of biometrics.

A

Cost to install, training, collecting the data, maintenance and repair.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a sensor?

A

A device that automatically inputs data into a computer system, where the data is constantly changing and can be measured.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Give 3 examples of a sensor.

A

Light, heat, sound, pH, humidity, proximity, pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Give two examples where a sensor can be used:

A

Burglar alarms detect intruders
Automatic doors
pH levels monitor fish tanks (wrong levels can kill)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Give two advantages of sensors.

A

Normally more accurate than humans.
Monitor info 24/7
Respond to info immediately (burglar alarm)
No need for humans to operate (hazardous situations)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Give 2 disadvantages of sensors.

A

Faulty sensors -> false info (GIGO)
Cost to install + maintain
Can give lots of data, becoming overwhelming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does RFID and NFC stand for?

A

Radio Frequency Identification
Near-field Communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the key difference between RFID and NFC?

A

Transmission range.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

1 example of RFID use:

A

Tracking vehicles, tracing the journey of livestock, entering a secure room, toll bridges.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

1 example of NFC use:

A

ApplePay, GooglePay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name 5 readers (input devices) Qc,bc,omr,micr,msr

A

QR codes, barcodes, optical mark reader (OMR), Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR), Magnetic Strip Readers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

2 uses of QR codes:

A

Restaurant tables, posters, museum paintings, bike + car sharing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A use of barcodes:

A

Supermarkets, shops, most products have barcodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

2 uses of OMR (Optical Mark Reader):

A

Surveys, registers, multiple choice exam questions, voting sheets, national lottery selection form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Use of MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition):

A

Used mostly by banks, it allows substantial amounts of cheques to be processed quickly and accurately.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

2 uses of magnetic strip readers:

A

Credit cards, library cards, hotel key cards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Name 3 output devices:

A

Screen/ monitor, projector, speakers, headphones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Name 4 types of printers and plotters (also output devices):

A

Ink-jet Printer
Laser Printer
Dot Matrix Printer
Thermal Printer
Dye-sublimation Printer
3D Printer
Plotter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Name 3 storage devices:

A

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
Solid State Drive (SSD)
Magnetic Tape Drive
USB/ Memory Card
Memory Card
CD/ DVD/ Blu-ray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Give 2 advantages of the cloud:

A

User requires less physical memory on their device
Don’t need to buy high-specification devices to access and work on files… allows for remote access.
Can be accessed from anywhere with an internet connection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Give 2 disadvantages of the cloud:

A

Failed/ slow/ unstable internet connection… cloud is inaccessible.
If the cloud servers go down, the files and folders stored on them may be inaccessible.
If the cloud storage area is hacked, the files and folders could get into the wrong hands. Security/ prevention measures should be put in place.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Components… what is the motherboard?

A

The circuit board that acts as a central hub to connect the other internal components and allow them to communicate with each other.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Components… what does the NIC (Network Interface Card) control?

A

Allows the computer to connect to a network and controls data flow on that network.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Components… what does a sound card do?

A

Generates sounds that can be recorded and played.
It converts sound from analogue data to digital data and converts from digital data to analogue data.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Components… what does a graphics/ video card do?

A

Outputs images to a display device and controls each pixel on the screen.
If you play computer games, then a high-quality graphics/ video card is desirable.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Components… what does a CPU (Central Processing Unit) do?

A

Acts as a “control centre”.
A complex set of electronic circuitry that runs the machine’s operating system and apps.

30
Q

What is a port?

A

A port is like a socket on the computer; it provides an interface between the computer and its input and output devices so that the instructions and date can flow between the computer and the device.

31
Q

Name 5 types of ports.

A

PS/2, Serial Port, Parallel Port, VGA Port, HDMI Port, DVI Port, USB Port, Display Port, Ethernet Port

32
Q

What are the three main types of computer software?

A

System, Application, Utility

33
Q

Guess the system software: Does a specific task for the end user. Always running in the background. Without it? Computer wouldn’t be able to function.

A

Operating system

34
Q

Guess the software: this software is created to do a specific task for an end user. It sometimes comes in a ‘suite’ (collection) of software with related functionality or a similar graphical user interface. E.g. Word-processing, spreadsheet.

A

Application Software

35
Q

Guess the software: This software allows the user to analyse, configure, optimise, or maintain a computer. A basic set of utility programs is usually included as part of the operating system. Examples include and anti-virus, a firewall.

A

Utility Software

36
Q

What is an operating system?

A

A SYSTEM SOFTWARE, without it a computer cannot run. The operating system is an interface between the machine and the user. It manages the computer’s resources (e.g. CPU, memory, peripherals etc.) and executes applications software.

37
Q

Name 3 functions of an operating system.

A

Manages + controls devices such as printers.
Provides a user interface
Hides complexity of hardware from user
Deals with any errors that occur
Allows new hardware to be installed
Handles the storage of data by keeping track of files
Maximises the use of computer memory
Recognises new hardware such as USBs, & cameras

38
Q

Name the three HIC (H______ C__________ I___________)

A

Human Computer Interface

1) Command Line Interface
2) Menu-Driven Interface
3) Graphical-User Interface

39
Q

Give two advantages of a command line interface.

A

If the user knows the correct commands then it’s quick to use.
Needs much less memory (RAM) in order to use.
Does not use as much CPU processing time as other interfaces.
A low resolution, cheaper monitor can be used with this interface.

40
Q

Give two disadvantages of a command line interface.

A

Large number of commands to be learned.
Commands must be typed precisely or else it’ll fail.
May need to start from scratch if there is a typo.
You can’t guess commands or just ‘have a go’ at it.

41
Q

Give two advantages of a Menu-driven interface.

A

Easy to use -> beginners can use it.
No commands to learn or remember.
Step-by-step operations given.
You can usually guess your way around options if you’re unsure.
They can be spoken instructions.
Don’t need huge processing power or memory.

42
Q

Give two disadvantages of a Menu-driven interface.

A

A poorly designed menu may be slower to use + harder to read.
Annoying if there are lots of menus to go through.
You often can’t go to the exact place you want at the start.
You sometimes have to click back and forth between different screens.

43
Q

What does WIMP stand for in Graphical-User Interface (GUI)?

A

Windows - screen divided into different areas.
Icons - Small pictures to represent commands.
Menus - Allows users to select from a list
Pointers - The little arrow that appears

44
Q

Give 2 advantages is a Graphical-User Interface.

A

Easy to use, especially for a beginner.
Easy to explore + find your way around.
You don’t have to learn commands.
Normally ‘help’ systems in place.
They let you exchange data between different software applications.

45
Q

Give two disadvantages of a Graphical-User Interface.

A

Takes up much more hard disk space.
They need significantly more memory (RAM).
They use more processing power.
Experienced programmers often find this way slower.

46
Q

What are application softwares created to do?

A

A specific task for an end user.

47
Q

Name 3 application software examples:

A

Database, Word Processor, Spreadsheet, Desktop-Publishing (DTP), Presentation

48
Q

What does a graphics software give the user the ability to do?

A

Create and manipulate graphics for artwork.

49
Q

Name 2 examples of graphics packages.

A

Photo editing, video editing, webpage editor, computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacture (CAM)

50
Q

Give three advantages of SSDs rather than a HDD in a laptop

A

More efficient - reads + writes data faster
Generates less heat
More portable - lighter

51
Q

Why might you choose a HDD over a SSD?

A

Cheaper.

52
Q

Data compression reduces…

A

… the number of bits needed to represent data by encoding, restructuring or modifying it.

53
Q

Lossy vs lossless definitions.

A

Lossy compression - reduces a file’s size, but data lost cannot be recovered.
Lossless compression - reduces a file’s size, but data can be restored.

54
Q

What does RW stand for?

A

Re-writable

55
Q

What is a mouse used for?

A

Scrolling, dragging, dropping, controlling a tool

56
Q

What does a scanner do?

A

Captures an image of a hard copy document and transfers it to the computer.

57
Q

What does a MIDI keyboard do?

A

Inputs sound. Sends MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) signals to the computer via a USB or a MIDI cable. Allows you to play, edit and store music on a computer.

58
Q

Give an advantage of QR codes

A

A QR code reader is usually built into a mobile telephone, which allows you to scan the code and get information about a product or service.
A great deal of information can be given using a QR code, which makes it efficient in terms of space needed as it may direct the user to a webpage where the additional information is stored.

59
Q

What does an OMR (Optical Mark Reader) do?

A

Recognises the position of marks on a document and inputs this information to the computer.

60
Q

How does MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition) work?

A

A pattern recognition system.
Reads magnetic ink characters. It has a magnetic head that recognises the special ink in the pattern of the characters.

61
Q

Why is a magnetic strip reader needed?

A

To input the information held on the black magnetic strip that you can find on the back of cards.

62
Q

Why might you want a display screen/ monitor with a higher resolution?

A

Gives a sharper image. Useful when working with graphics.

63
Q

Give an advantage of using a projector as an output device:

A

Presentations to a large audience, for example, at a business conference.

64
Q

Why are speakers useful? Give two examples.

A

Allows user to hear sound - music, watch a video, play games, hear computer alerts, for the blind or visually impaired users; specialist software called a screen reader can be used to describe what is on screen.

65
Q

Why might a person use headphones?

A

Delivering sound only to the individual using them (works well in busy offices to avoid distracting others with additional sound).
Privacy for the person listening.
Headphones w/ built-in microphones are useful when taking part in audio/ video online meetings or gaming.

66
Q

Give one reason why Ink-Jet Printers the most common choice of printer in the home.

A

Relatively inexpensive to buy
Print fast enough for home use (where only one copy is required at a time)
Quality of printing is of a fairly good standard

67
Q

Give two differences between an Ink-Jet and Laser printer

A

Laser Printers are faster
Have better print quality
More expensive
Higher cost for toner (used instead of ink)
More economical per printed page
Better choice for businesses and organisations where a lot of printing is done and where quality is important.

68
Q

Give an advantage and disadvantage of a dot matrix printer.

A

Pros: Can print more than one sheet of paper at a time, Robust, work well in dirty environments

Cons: Printing quality isn’t particularly good

69
Q

Give an example for the use of a plotter printer

A

Create large-scale drawings such as maps, architectural drawings and large signs and posters

70
Q

Which printer can be used to print plastic identity badges or fabric banners?

A

Dye-sublimation printer

71
Q

Match up:

• Here you have to type in a series of commands. This interface is very hard to use. Before Windows was developed, this type of interface was what most people used to give instructions to the computer.
• Here you are presented with a list of things to do and you have to choose one of them by typing either a number or letter. These are easy to use but limited with what you can do. I-Pods and Cash Machines are good examples.
• These are very easy to use and a very friendly way for people to interact with the computer because it makes use of pictures, graphics, and icons.

A

Command Line Interface
Menu-Driven Interface
Graphical-User Interface

IT (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions