Section 1

Question 1

Definition of lifestyle medicine

Answer 1

Lifestyle medicine is a medical specialty that uses therapeutic lifestyle interventions as a primary modality to treat chronic conditions

Question 2

Lifestyle medicine certified clinicians are trained

Answer 2

evidence-based, whole-person, prescriptive lifestyle change to treat and, when used intensively, often reverse such conditions.

Question 3

six pillars of lifestyle medicine

Answer 3

whole-food and plant-predominant eating pattern, physical activity, restorative sleep, stress management, avoidance of risky substances, and positive social connections

Question 4

Lifestyle medicine is the application of

Answer 4

medical, behavioral, motivational, and environmental principles to the management of lifestyle-related health problems in a clinical setting.

Question 5

ITLC programs

Answer 5

encourage drastic changes in one’s daily routine, including sleep habits, eating pattern, physical activity, and stress management.

Question 6

Multi-modality teams may include

Answer 6

provider, pharmacist, registered dietitian, certified health coach, condition management nurse, or physical therapist, among others. Typically, ITLC

Question 7

name 3 ITLC programs,

Answer 7

the Pritikin program, Ornish program, and the Diehl CHIP (Complete Health Improvement Project) program (now known as Pivio).

Question 8

ITLC programs can produce

Answer 8

essential induction phase that is needed for people to make the dramatic lifestyle changes that are necessary for treating severe disease.

Question 9

lifestyle medicine core competencies

Answer 9

leadership,knowledge,assessment skill,mangement,office and community support

Question 10

lifestyle med compered to other fields

Answer 10

Lifestyle medicine requires patient engagement and responsibility for treatment outcomes. 2. Treatments are long-term. 3. The provider acts as both medical expert and coach. 4. Lifestyle medicine interventions are generally relatively inexpensive compared with traditional medical services.

Question 11

Of all premature deaths, 40% are attributable to three factors:

Answer 11

Tobacco use (18.1%) 2. Poor diet and physical activity (16.6%) 3. Alcohol consumption (2.5%)

Question 12

Only 3% had healthy levels of all four health behaviors:

Answer 12

Non-smoking 86% b. Healthy weight (BMI < 25) 27% c. Five fruits and vegetables per day 28% d. Regular physical activity

Question 13

Determinants of health include:

Answer 13

adverse childhood events, Genetic and epigenetic predispositions,health literacy,local environmental ,socioleconomic status, health disparities

Question 14

INTERHEART Study

Answer 14

standardized case-control study about acute myocardial infarction risk factors.

Question 15

INTERHEART Nine risk factors accounted for

Answer 15

more than 90% attributable risk of acute myocardial infarction in men and 94% in women.

Question 16

INTERSTROKE Study

Answer 16

prospective case-control study used to determine stroke risk factors

Question 17

Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in Industry showed an association

Answer 17

between people who were lower risk in middle age (meaning they had fewer risk factors present at that life stage), with a better quality of life at older ages, and with lower Medicare costs.

Question 18

Framingham Heart Study

Answer 18

lifetime risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in people who were free of cardiovascular disease at age 50

Question 19

Framingham Heart Study found

Answer 19

Men and women with optimal risk status had a median life expectancy of about 10 years longer than people with two or more risk factors at age 50 (11+ years for men, 8+ years for women).

Question 20

Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) Study

Answer 20

People with low-risk factor status had: a. 73–85% lower risk for cardiovascular disease mortality b. 40–60% lower total mortality rate c. 6–10 years greater life expectancy

Question 21

Nurses’ Health Study

Answer 21

risk for coronary heart disease womenover 14 years

Question 22

Nurses’ Health Study
identified five health factors associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease

Answer 22

a. Absence of smoking b. BMI < 25 c. Moderate to vigorous exercise ≥ 30 minutes per day d. Moderate alcohol consumption (5–30 grams, or 0.2–1 oz per day) e. A healthy diet score (1) For this study, diet scores were based on the