Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AEU (CLB) > Secretion In GIT > Flashcards

Secretion In GIT Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 key components of all digestive secretions?

A

1) Water
2) Ions
3) Mucous
4) Enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are 4 functions of saliva?

A

1) Lubrication (mucin facilitates chewing and swallowing)
2) Antibacterial effect (lysosome and antibodies in saliva)
3) Enzymic digestion (amylose breaks down starch)
4) pH regulation (bicarbonate neutralises acid produced by bacteria)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Complete the sentence:
Saliva secretion is entirely under ….

A

Neural control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 4 types of cell found in the glandular part of the stomach?

A
  • Mucin producing cells
  • Parietal cells
  • Chief cells
  • Endocrine cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the functions of mucin producing cells, parietal cells and chief cells?

A
  • Mucin producing cells produce mucous
  • Parietal cells produce hydrochloric acid
  • Chief cells produce pensinogen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 types of endocrine cells found in the glandular region of the stomach?

A

1) G cells (produce Gastrin)
2) ECL cells (produce histamine)
3) D cells (produce somatostatin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the purpose of intrinsic factors within the stomach?

A

Intrinsic factors help to ensure absorption of B12 in the stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does somatostatin impact G cells

A

Somatostatin has a negative impact on G cells (the more somatostatin produced, the fewer G cells there are)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 3 phases of gastric secretion?

A

Cephalic Phase
Gastric Phase
Intestinal Phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the difference between each of the 3 phases?

A

Cephalic phase is elicited by sight/ smell/ taste of food. It is mediated by the vagus nerve.
Gastric phase is elicited by presence of food in the stomach, mediated by neural reflexes abdominal hormones.
Intestinal phase mediated via neural reflexes and hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

During the intestinal phase of gastric secretions, there is initially a simulator effect then followed by an inhibitory effect, why is this?

A

To ensure that secretions are not continuous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the exocrine and endocrine functions of the pancreas?

A

Exocrine: produces pancreatic juices
Endocrine: Produce insulin, glucagon and somatostatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Roteases digest proteins, what are the 3 proteases produced by the pancreas?

A

Trypsinogen -> trypsin
Chymotrypsinogen -> chymotrypsin
Procarboxypeptidase -> carboxypeptidase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of alpha amylase?

A

To digest starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Lipase digest fats, what are the 3 lipases produced by the pancreas?

A

1) Triaglycerol hydrolase
2) cholesterol ester hydrolase
3) Phospholipidase A2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the key points about the Cephalic phase of pancreatic secretions?

A
  • Cephalic phase increases in association with feeding
  • Mediated by vagal nerves that run into the glands
  • Affected by Gastrin secretion in the stomach
17
Q

What are the key points about the gastric phase of pancreatic secretions?

A
  • Increases in association with feeding
  • Mediated by vagal nerves to the glands and Gastrin secretion in the stomach
18
Q

When does the intestinal phase of pancreatic secretion begin?

A

When chyme enters the duodenum

19
Q

How is the intestinal phase of pancreatic secretion mediated?

A

Mediated by secretin and CCK release

20
Q

What is the function of secretin?

A
  • Inhibits Gastrin release from G cells
  • Inhibits response of parietal cells to secretagogues
  • Stimulates pancreas to produce HCO3- rich fluid
  • Increase production of bile by the liver
21
Q

What is the function of CCK?

A

Inhibits secretions from parietal cells
Stimulates pancreas to increase enzyme secretion

22
Q

What is the role of the liver in digestion?

A
  • Hepatocytes produce bile
  • Regulates the release of nutrients into the blood
23
Q

What is the name of the ducts that secrete bile?

A

Bile canaliculi

24
Q

How does the sphincter of oddi control the release of bile?

A

When the sphincter is relaxed, bile is released into the small intestine
When it is contracted, no bile is released.

25
Q

What does bile contain?

A
  • 95% water
  • Bile acids
  • Cholesterol
  • Phospholipids
  • Bile pigments
26
Q

How are primary bile acids made?

A

Synthesised from cholesterol in the hepatocyte

27
Q

How are secondary bile acids deformed?

A

When primary bile acids undergo dihydroxylation by bacteria in the small intestine

28
Q

How are bile salts formed?

A

Primary and secondary bile acids conjugate with an amino acid (taurine/ glycine)

29
Q

What is the function of bile salts?

A

Act as detergents to emulsify lipids
Form micelles

30
Q

How do bile acids recirculate back to the liver?

A

By enterohepatic circulation

31
Q

What happens when fat is detected on CCK producing cells?

A
  • More CCK produced
  • Sphincter of Oddi opens
  • More bile released into small intestine

AEU (CLB) (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions