Secondary Socialisation

Question 1

Becker (Education)

Answer 1

Labelling theory, teachers will label a student as clever and make them conform to the expectations. This is called the self fulfilling prophecy as they believe in the label and have worked to achieve it.

Question 2

The Sutton Trust (Education)

Answer 2

Organisation providing educational opportunities for those from non privileged backgrounds. In 2005 they found that 7% of the population went to private school and yet 1/3 of MPs went to private school.

Question 3

Hey (Peer Group)

Answer 3

Peers control each other with informal sanctions if not conforming to expectations.

Working class girls that are promiscuous are ‘slags’ but middle-class girls have more freedom but are seen as ‘boffins’ by working class girls.

Question 4

Sewell (Peer Group)

Answer 4

Peers are influential in shaping African Caribbean youth in inner British cities. It’s responsible for a lot of educational underachievement as they’re more focuses on being a ‘gangsta’ or ‘hyper male’.

Question 5

Walter (Mass Media)

Answer 5

We live in a hyper sexual culture where women are increasingly being seen as sexual objects. Sexualised images are all over the media and pornography is readily available.

Question 6

Young (Mass Media)

Answer 6

The media culturally includes everyone but economically excludes this that can’t afford it. People may become frustrated and turn to crime to achieve what they’re seeing.

Question 7

Religion

Answer 7

Guides people with moral values (no sex before marriage), rituals & ceremonies (Christmas) and distinctive norms (Jews not eating pork).

Question 8

Butler (Religion)

Answer 8

Teenage Muslim girls religious beliefs are being adapted to fit changing circumstances and they’re moving away from their parents.

Question 9

Bruce (Religion)

Answer 9

Religion is used as a cultural defence and older people may use it to hold onto traditions in a changing society.

Question 10

Skeggs (Occupation)

Answer 10

Women training as social worker would change how they dress as their training progresses to fit the new environment and norms and values.

Question 11

Waddington (Occupation)

Answer 11

Canteen culture, police officers would tell of heroic stories to boost their self esteem in a stressful job.