Seconda settimana domande vecchie Flashcards
What is typical Hodgkin’s lymphoma ? (3)
a) bcl2 mutation present
b) occurs in younger people
c) diagnostically characterized by Reed Sternberg’s giants
d) mostly occurs nodally
e) mostly occur extranodally
B, C, D
GIST - surrounds an incorrect claim: (1)
a) most have a KIT mutation
b) the mutant has the bcl2 gene
c) it is mostly in the stomach
B
Hodgkin’s lymphoma - surrounds an incorrect statement: (1)
a) especially in the younger ones
b) mostly from B lymphocytes
c) mostly from T lymphocytes
d) We recognize him by Reed-Sternberg’s greats
C
Follicular lymphoma - the most common pathogenetic mechanism: (1)
a) no lymphocyte apoptosis
b) no lymphocyte proliferation
c) no apoptosis of hemopoietic cells
d) there is no proliferation of hemopoietic cells
A
Osteosarcoma (3)
a. more common in children and young adults
b. tumor cells form an osteoid
c. more common in the elderly
d. most often in the knee
e. characterized by lipoblasts
A, B, D
Hodgkin’s lymphomas are NOT characterized by:
a. Bcl-2 mutation present
b. occurs in younger ones
c. diagnostically characterized by Reed-Sternberg cells
A
Which two statements do not hold true for malignant lymphoma?
a. Most often from T-cells
b. Most commonly from B-cells
c. From hemapoietic cells
d. It can be extranodal
e. Most often nodal
A, C
Leiomyoma
a) The signs are extra-cyclical bleeding
b) very malignant tumor
c) occurs after menopause
d) rarely spontaneously disappears
e) it may increase rapidly due to hormones
A
Io mettere anche E se le giuste sono 2
GIST
a. is sharply demarcated
b. may be subcutaneous
c. occurs in the anal area in 20%
d. forecast depends on size and no. mitosis
e. If mitosis is less than 5 in 50 fields of high magnification, then it is benign
f. The forecast does not depend on the size
B,D
eventualmente metterei anche A
OSTEOSARCOMA
a. the second most common bone sarcoma after chondrosarcoma
b. most commonly before the age of 20
c. It is distinguished from other sarcomas by the formation of bone laths
d. most commonly in the spine and pelvis where there is a lot of red k. brain
e. can be a complication of Paget’s bone disease
B, E
CLASSICAL HODGKIN LYMPHOMA (TYPES)
a. nodular sclerosis
b. mixed cell type
c. lymphocytic depletion… + H. lymphoma with numerous lymphocytes)
d. follicular
e. diffuse
A, B (mixed cellularity), C (lymphocyte depletion, lymphocyte rich)
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST):
a. it is characterized by a wheeled growth pattern
b. usually occurs in the stomach
c. usually occurs in the colon / colon
B (60-70%)
What applies to a lipoma:
a. most are encapsulated
b. is the most common soft tissue tumor in adults
B https://www.my-personaltrainer.it/benessere/lipoma.html
(incompleta)
The characteristics of in situ cancer are:
a) not to outgrow the basement membrane
b) to metastasize less frequently than invasive carcinoma
c) to arise only in the squamous epithelium
d) cell polymorphism and atypia throughout the thickness of the epithelium
e) pathological mitoses
A, C (?)
In una domanda simile veniva indicata anche la D
Tumor gradation takes into account:
a) tumor size
b) regressive changes in the tumor
c) number of mitoses in tumor tissue
d) cellular and nuclear polymorphism
e) seeding into area lymph nodes
C, D
In determining the tumor stage, we consider:
a) tumor size
b) seeding into area lymph nodes
c) angioinvasion
d) invasive growth into surrounding tissues
e) the number of mitoses in the tumor tissue
A, B, C, D
Benign epithelial tumors include:
a) lymphoma
b) adenoma
c) teratoma
d) papilloma
e) basalin maligen (basal cell carcinoma)
A, D
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas most commonly arise from:
a) T lymphocytes
b) lymphocytes B
c) NK (killer) cells
d) macrophages
B
Early onset of sexual intercourse and change of sexual partners are risk factors for the emergence of:
a) Cervical cancer
b) endometrial cancer
c) uterine leiomyoma
d) breast cancer
e) ovarian cancer
A
Bence-Jones proteins in urine are characteristic of - Ig light chains:
a) multiple myeloma
b) pyelonephritis
c) lymphoma
d) Leukemia
A
The most common bone cancer
a. Plasmacytoma
b. Lymphocytoma
c. Multiple myelons
d. Osteosarcoma
e. Occupation
D
Bowel adenoma - incorrect claims:
a) in the submucosa
b) dysplasia is present
c) may be broadband
d) invasive growth
e) does not grow into submucosa
A, D
Renal cell carcinoma:
a) predominantly in the distal tubules
b) as a blastoma thrombus, it can invade the renal veins
c) macroscopically sharply separated from healthy tissue
d) can seize …
e) may be related to von Hippel-Lindau syndrome
B, C, E
la risposta D è incompleta, ma solitamente le risposte non sono mai più di 3
Pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid glands
a) from ductal and myoepithelial cells
b) rarely goes into malignant form
c) the stroma is sparse
d) never invades the surrounding area through a binding envelope
e) may be repeated after removal
A, B, E
in particolare per la B > 10%