second teir bacterial pathogens-Kozel Flashcards
What is this:
Spirochete with gram-negative-like cell wall
Humans only natural host
Cannot be cultured; darkfield microscopy of primary lesion
Serology used for diagnosis in secondary and late stages
Treponema pallidum
What are the diseases that treponema pallidum causes?
Primary syphilis secondary syphilis latent syphilis tertiary (late) syphilis congenital syphilis
What kind of syphilis is this:
Painless chancre at site
Primary syphilis
What kind of syphilis is this:
disseminated disease; rash
secondary syphilis
What kind of syphilis is this:
asymptomatic; serologic evidence of infection
latent syphilis
What kind of syphilis is this:
destruction of multiple organs
Tertiary (late) syphilis
What is this:
Acid-fast, aerobic rods; cell wall rich in lipids
Obligate intracellular pathogen; no culture
Disease due to host response
Mycobacterium leprae
What are the diseases associated with mycobacterium leprae?
Tuberculoid leprosy
Lepromatous leprosy
What type of mycobacterium is this, strong cellular immune response and relatively few bacteria.
Tuberculoid leprosy
What mycobacterium leprae is this, strong antibody response but defect in cellular response, abundant bacteria-most infectious form
Lepromatous leprosy
What is this:
Spirochete with gram-negative-like cell wall
Zoonotic – rodents, dogs, farm animals, wild animals
Infection via contact with water, food or soil contaminated with urine from infected animal
Leptospira interrogans
What are the diseases associated with leptospira interrogans??
leptospirosis
What is leptospirosis?
Most disease is mild, virus-like syndrome
Systemic disease presents as aseptic meningitis
Weil syndrome
What is this:
overwhelming disease; vascular collapse, hepatic disease with jaundice, renal dysfunction
weil syndrome
What is this:
- Gram-negative coccobacilli
- Commensals of oropharynx of healthy animals
- Infection follows exposure to animals, e.g., bites, shared food
Pasteurella multocida
What diseases are associated with pasteurella multocida?
Bite wound infection – most common infection following dog or cat bites
Respiratory infection in patients with underlying pulmonary dysfunction
What is this:
Curved gram-negative rod
Infection via exposure to contaminated salt water or shellfish
Responsible for 90% of Vibrio-related deaths in U.S.
Vibrio vulnificus
What are the diseases associated with vibrio vulnificus?
Septicemia after consumption of raw oysters; high mortality
Wound infection after exposure to contaminated water
What is this:
Gram-negative rod; oxidase-positive; green pigment
Mucoid polysaccharide capsule
Ubiquitous in nature; nosocomial infection
Highly resistant; requires use of multiple antibiotics
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What are the diseases associated with Pseudoman aeruginosa?
Pulmonary infection – cystic fibrosis Infection of burn wounds Urinary tract infection External otitis – swimmer’s ear Bacteremia – opportunistic infection, e.g., neutropenia
What is this:
Small gram-negative rods
Normal flora of upper respiratory tract
Eikenella corrodens
What diseases does Eikenella corrodens cause?
- Opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients
- Commonly isolated in human bite wound or fistfight
What is this:
Gram-negative coccobacillus
Emerging nosocomial infection
Highly resistant to multiple antibiotics
Acinetobacter baumanii
What are the diseases associated with acinetobacter baumanii?
Nosocomial infection in intensive care units, e.g., ventilator-associated pneumonia
Wound infection – nosocomial infection of battlefield wounds
