Second Sino-Japanese War Flashcards
1937 - 1945
Who was Zhang Xueliang?
The Young Marshal
> His 150,000 soldiers had not seen home in 3 years as they withdrew into Manchuria with Chiang unwilling to liberate them
When was the Xi’an Incident?
12th December 1936
What was the Xi’an Incident?
Zhang Xueliang had people kidnap Chiang, so that he could demand Chiang:
> To abandon the fight with the Communists
Prepare to fight Japan
Grant greater political freedom
When was Chiang released and what impact did the Xi’an Incident have?
25th December 1936
> Chiang understood how unpopular his policies were
There was a short term halt on the Communists attacks
Greater likelihood of war with Japan
What and when was the Marco Polo Bridge Incident?
7th July 1937
A pretext for war with Japan. Chinese sentries fired over the bridge and the Japanese launched a counter attack claiming one of their own was kidnapped.
100 Chinese defenders are killed.
When did th Japanese army mobilise?
18th July 1937
When did Beijing fall to Japan?
28th July 1937
When was the Second United Front declared?
2nd September 1937
What strategy does Chiang adopt in the war?
“Trading land for time”
When was the Rape of Nanking?
13th December 1937 onwards
How many were kille in the Rape of Nanking?
100,000
How many die of famine in Henan from excessive grain requisitioning?
3 million
In 8 years of war how much damage did Japan inflict?
Death of 3 million soldiers
Death of 18 million Chinese civilians
Destruction of more than 50% of China’s industry
What did the FMD los to Japan early in the war?
> Most of internal railway (Difficulty moving troops)
Industry (Loss of income tax)
Railway links to Russia and the ports (Difficulty in recieving foreign aid by rail or sea)
By 1941, soldiers and members of th GMD were paid…
…20% of their 1937 wages
