Second partial

Question 1

Which was the first Latin American Independence?

Answer 1

Haiti’s independence

Question 2

Why is Haiti’s independence important?

Answer 2

It is the only independence in which slaves (Africans / African-Americans) are the rebels

Question 3

After its independence, Haiti became what?

Answer 3

A republic

Question 4

What is Brazil’s independence most important characteristic?

Answer 4

It was non-violent, only political

Question 5

Who declared independence in Brazil?

Answer 5

Dom Pedro I, son of King John VI of Portugal

Question 6

After its independence, Brazil becomes what?

Answer 6

A constitutional monarchy

Question 7

During the colonization, how were the social classes organized in New Spain?

Answer 7

• Peninsulares (Spanish)
• Criollos (Spanish born in New Spain)
• Mestizos (Mix)
• Indigenous people
• Slaves

Question 8

What were some of the causes for the Mexican independence?

Answer 8

• Napoleon invaded Spain
• Economic crisis in Spain due to the Spanish reforms
• Social tensions between criollos and peninsulares
• Enlightenment ideals

Question 9

What as an important economical factor in New Spain?

Answer 9

The production of gold & silver

Question 10

What were the Bourbonic Reforms?

Answer 10

Taxes that left New Spain in bankrupcy

Question 11

Why were the Jesuits expelled from Spain?

Answer 11

Their education was seen as an imposition by Spain, because it was free for everyone and very liberal

Question 12

What is the name of the constitution that played an important role in the Mexican independence?

Answer 12

Cadiz Constitution

Question 13

When and who gave the Grito de Dolores?

Answer 13

Miguel Hidalgo on September 16th, 1810

Question 14

Who took military control during the first stage of the Mexican independence?

Answer 14

Allende

Question 15

What was the purpose of the “Sentimientos de la Nación”, written by Morelos?

Answer 15

To officially declare independence from Spain

Question 16

In 1814, the Constitution of Apatzingán, establishes what?

Answer 16

The power is divided into three branches: executive, judicial and legislative

Question 17

Which character, originally a Peninsular, joins the Insurgents, and with which famous event?

Answer 17

Iturbide in el Abrazo de Acatempan, on February, 1821

Question 18

Which document officially establishes Mexican Independence?

Answer 18

Tratado de Córdoba: September 21st, 1821

Question 19

What was Simon Bolivar’s main goal?

Answer 19

Unify all of South America into one single country called Gran Colombia

Question 20

Which Spanish royal family member wanted Argentinian independence?

Answer 20

Carlota Joaquina

Question 21

What was the Manifest Destiny?

Answer 21

Document that said that America was destined to spread its values and institutions across the continent

Question 22

Who wrote the Monroe Doctrine?

Answer 22

John Quincy Adams

Question 23

What was the Monroe Doctrine?

Answer 23

Document that said that if Europeans tried to invade America, it would be considered as an act of war and intervene

Question 24

What was the Monroe Doctrine’s purpose?

Answer 24

To expand its territories and promote American settlement in the west

Question 25

What was the United State’s main purpose for the Mexican-American War?

Answer 25

Acquire Texas and California, among other territories

Question 26

What was the Indian Removal Act?

Answer 26

Act that forced Indians to move to the west

Question 27

Who were the two sides during the Civil War?

Answer 27

North vs. South

Question 28

During the Civil War, why did the northern states opposed expansion in the west?

Answer 28

They didn’t want expansion in slavery

Question 29

Who won the Civil War?

Answer 29

The North (Abraham Lincoln)

Question 30

What was the main consequence of the Civil War?

Answer 30

End of slavery