First partial Flashcards
Some important changes from the Renaissance are:
The scientific revolution, the discovery of the new world (America)
What did Martin Luther write?
95 theses
During the 30 year war, who were the two groups fighting?
Protestants vs. Catholics (mainly France) vs. (Spain)
Why did England not participate in the 30 year war?
They were having their own civil war
What is the Treaty of Westphalia?
Treaty that concluded the 30 year war, saying each state can choose their religion, and they’ll be tolerant.
What was the main problem during the English Civil War?
Monarchy and parliament were fighting.
Name of the English document in which it is said the parliament has to approve every King’s decision
Magna Carta
Who said that the government should be able to take people’s rights in exchange for peace, security, etc.?
Thomas Hobbes
Who said that the government should protect three main rights: life, liberty & property?
John Locke
A lot of exploration was done during which years?
1400’s
Some products that were taken to Europe from America are?
Turkey, tomatoes, squash, pineapples, tobacco, cacao, beans, corn, potatoes, gold, silver, wood, furs, etc.
What is mercantilism?
Becoming wealthy by controlling colonies and having more power
Thomas Hobbes said that we need a strong government to control people, because…
People are selfish and evil
Locke said that if the government does not protect our rights we can…
Overthrow the government
Who said this?
“I don’t agree with a word you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.”
Voltaire
Who called for the separation of powers (executive, judicial & legislative)?
Montesquieu
Who wrote the social contract?
Rousseau
John Locke mentioned three natural rights:
Life, liberty & property
Voltaire said that we should have freedom of…
Thought & expression
What is absolutism?
Having complete power over a country and not accepting opinions from others
What did the 1651 Navigation Act consist of?
American colonies could only buy from and sell to England
The Americans have to pay for a certain war before their Independence, which one?
The 7-year war
The 7-year war was a fight between which two countries?
England and France
The 1765 Stamp Act consists of…?
“No taxation without representation”
In 1773, the British imposed a new tax, on which product?
Tea
Which protest was held against a certain tax in the U.S.?
Boston tea party
In 1774, a congress meets for the very first time in America. What was the name of the congress and where did they meet?
The Continental Congress met in Philadelphia
What’s the name of a famous battle held in 1775?
Battle of Lexington
After the Battle of Lexington, the Continental Congress recognized what and whom?
They recognized the war and named George Washington as general
In July 1776, the 3rd Continental Congress declared what?
Independence
During the American independence, France helped the colonies in which aspects?
Gave many soldiers & money to get revenge on Britain
After the Yorktown Battle, which treaty was signed and what did it consist on?
The Treaty of Paris officially declared that Britain gave up, and America was now independent
After independence, the U.S. adopted which type of government?
Democracy
Who could vote within the united States’ new democracy?
Men, white people & rich people
On July 4th, 1787, in the United States, a document was signed. Which was this?
The constitution
What did the American constitution specifically symbolized?
They had become a republic
What is the Bill of Rights?
Document that protected people from the government in the U.S.
Did African-American and slaves benefited from the independence?
No, they couldn’t vote and slaves were, well, slaves
