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Chapter 9 > Sec 9.1 > Flashcards

Sec 9.1 Flashcards

1
Q

Atmosphere?

A

A layer of gases that surround a body, like a planet or a moon, that is retained by the body’s gravity

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2
Q

What is the practical boundary of earths atmosphere?

A

100-120km ,though it does extend for thousands of km

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3
Q

What r the 5 main layers

A 
Troposphere 0-12km
Stratosphere 12-50km
Mesosphere 50-85km
Thermosphere 85-650km
Exosphere 650-10000km
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4
Q

Atmospheric pressure?

A

Pressure due to gravity pulling down on all the atmosphere above the object

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5
Q

The higher the altitude, is it the less air is pushing down on you or the more?

A

Less

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6
Q

What does less air above you mean?

A

Less mass

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7
Q

What does less mass mean?

A

Less force

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8
Q

What does less force mean ?

A

Less pressure

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9
Q

What do fluids naturally do?

A

Fluids naturally flow from area of high pressure to areas of low pressure

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10
Q

If a gas is sealed inside a closed container at a lower pressure and the pressure outside the container, what is the pressure difference?

A

The pressure distance creates an unbalanced force

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11
Q

What happens if the container is strong enough?

A

Nothing changes

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12
Q

What happens if the container is not strong enough?

A

The container will crush inwards

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13
Q

What pressure are you feeling when your underwater?

A

The pressure you feel is the result of the weight of water above you

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14
Q

Does the pressure increase or decrease with depth?

A

Increase

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15
Q

101.3 kpa is how many atmosphere ?

A

One or 1atm

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16
Q

What is atmosphere unit?

A

A unit for pressure, mainly use for atmospheric pressure, equal to 101.3 kpa or sealevel

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17
Q

In water for each 1atm how many Metres of depth?

A

10m of depth

18
Q

1atm is approximately how many newtons?

A

100 000newtons

19
Q

Buoyancy?

A

The tendency of objects in fluids to rise or sink depending on differences between there density and the density of the fluid

20
Q

Objects that have negative buoyancy…

A

Will sink

21
Q

Objects that have positive buoyancy…

A

Will rise

22
Q

Objects that have neutral buoyancy…

A

Will remain stabile

23
Q

Buoyant force?

A

Th upward force exerted by a fluid

24
Q

What does the buoyant force depend on?

A

Fluids density

25
Q

What happens to the buoyant force when the density increases?

A

Buoyant force increases

26
Q

What does the object rise of sink depends on?

A

Depends in the balance between the force of gravity pulling the object down and the buoyant force pushing it up

27
Q

When the force of gravity is pulling down and the buoyant force is pushing up, what happens?

A

The object neither rises or sinks

The forces are equal in strength, but in opposite direction

28
Q

What happens when the object sinks?

A

The strength of gravitys downward pull on the objects depends on its mass (or its densities ->the more dense means more mass)

29
Q

What is the earth surrounded by?

A

Atmosphere

30
Q

What does more dense mean?

A

A stronger force of gravity

31
Q

What happens if the object rises?

A

The strength of gravity downwards pull on the object depends on its mass ( or its density-> more dense equals more mass)

32
Q

What does less mass mean

A

A weaker force of gravity

33
Q

Fluids also rise and fall due to changes in..

A

Densities

34
Q

Thermal expansion lead to higher or lower density

A

Thermal expansion..increase in temperature…increase in volume..decrease in density

35
Q

Thermal contraction lead to higher or lower density

A

Thermal contraction…decrease in temperature..decrease in volume..increase in density

36
Q

What happens when a fluid warms

A

Expands and becomes less dense

37
Q

What does less dense mean?

A

Weaker pull of gravity

38
Q

What does weaker gravitational pull mean?

A

Fluid will rise

39
Q

What happens when a fluid cools

A

Contracts and becomes more dense

40
Q

What does more dense mean

A

Stronger pull of gravity

41
Q

What does stronger gravitational pull mean?

A

Fluid will sink

42
Q

Convection?

A

A vertical movement (rising or falling) of fluid because of a change in its density, usually because of a change in there temperatures

Chapter 9 (3 decks)

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