Sec 3 Flashcards
All primates are adaptive rule-breakers!
true
All strepsrirhines weigh less than 500 grams, are insectivorous, nocturnal, arboreal quadrupeds who live solitary lives.
false
Variables that contribute to lemuroid diversity include habitat and dietary variation and evolution in isolation from all other primates.
true
Of all lemurs, the small-bodied and nocturnal mousey lemurs are behaviorally the most “strepsirhine-like” (behave the most like the strepsirhine stereotype).
true
Cheirogaleids commonly have litters of 2-3 neonates, some hibernate, and most are solitary but some form male-female pairs. The taxon includes the smallest-known extant primate species and it also includes taxa that sleep in mixed-sex groups, and includes species of specialized gum-eaters.
true
The Lemuridae taxa weigh over 500 grams and include a broad range of activity, dietary, locomotor, and substrate-use patterns. However, most are solitary.
false
Ring-tailed lemurs are primarily arboreal but they are also the most terrestrial strepsirhines. Like many lemurs, they exhibit female dominance. Ruffed lemurs use hindlimb suspension to forage for fruit. Bamboo lemurs are highly specialized for a diet that requires digestion of secondary compunds such as cyanide. Some lemurs are diurnal and others are nocturnal but the greater bamboo lemur is cathemeral. Eulemur includes a number of species that are sexually dichromatic.
true
Sportive lemurs include numerous species which are folivorous, weigh more than 500 grams and are vertical clingers and leapers. Indriids are even better leapers with a broader dietary and activity range but newborns are born with teeth ready to chew.
true
The strongly folivorous nocturnal woolly lemur includes a species named for one of the original members of Monty Python. Sifaka is mostly frugivorous and is a hindlimb suspensory feeder that bounces with grace when it travels on the ground. At 15 pounds, indri is the largest-sized strepsirhine.
true
The unique (for primate) aye-aye traits such as ever-growing incisors and flexible middle finger are adaptations associated with an unusual diet of difficult-to-access foods. The aye-aye is a specialized vertical clinger and leaper.
false
Most lorisiforms are small-sized, insectivorous, arboreal, quadrupedal, and solitary. Lorises have the broadest geographic distribution of all strepsirhines (Asia and Africa) and galagos are restricted to Subsaharan Africa. Lorises are quick quadrupedal runners and leapers and galagos are slow and deliberate quadrupeds.
false
Galagos can swivel their heads 180 degrees and have independent control of mobile ears. Moms park babies on twigs while they forage. For some, neonate numbers are tied to regional resources. Some species are known to produce triplets. Most galagos are insectivorous but some are specialized exudate consumers.
true
Lorisids have a powerful grip, can pose like gargoyles to catch prey, and some have a venomous bite. Lorises are among the least “speedy” of all lemurs.
False
Tarsiers are the only 100% faunivorous primate, are the best and most specialized leapers, and have the largest eye-size (for skull length) of all primates. Eye enlargement is due, in part, to the loss of the strepsirhine tapetum lucidum in exchange for a haplorhine retinal fovea. We now realize that tarsiers have a greater range of variation in social structure than previously recognized.
true
