SE Asia: Ch2 Ancient China

Question 1

mandate of heaven

Answer 1

the idea that heaven chose China’s ruler and gave him or her power

Question 2

Shi Huangdi

Answer 2

Ruler of China, he united China for the first time, built roads and canals, began the Great Wall of China, and imposed a standard system of laws, money, weights, and writing.

Question 3

Great Wall

Answer 3

a barrier built to protect China from invasion that stood near China’s northern border

Question 4

Liu Bang

Answer 4

First emperor of the Han dynasty, he was born a peasant but led an army that gained control of China. As emperor, he lowered taxes and relied on educated officials to help him rule.

Question 5

Confucius

Answer 5

Chinese philosopher, he was the most influential teacher in Chinese history. His teachings, called Confucianism, focused on morality, family, society, and government.

Question 6

Wudi

Answer 6

Emperor of China, he made Confucianism the official government philosophy

Question 7

seismograph

Answer 7

a devices that measures the strength of an earthquake

Question 8

sundial

Answer 8

a device that uses the position of shadows cast by the sun to tell the time of day

Question 9

acupuncture

Answer 9

The Chinese practice of inserting fine needles through the skin at specific points to cure diseas or relieve pain

Question 10

Grand Canal

Answer 10

a canal linking northern and southern China

Question 11

Wu

Answer 11

Empress of China during the Tang dynasty, she ruled ruthlessly and brought prosperity to China

Question 12

porcelain

Answer 12

a thin, beautiful pottery invented in China

Question 13

Li Bo

Answer 13

One of China’s greatest poets, he lived during the Tang dynasty

Question 14

Li Qingzhao

Answer 14

One of China’s greatest poets, she lived during the Song dynasty

Question 15

compass

Answer 15

an instrument that uses Earth’s magnetic field to indicate direction

Question 16

gunpowder

Answer 16

a mixture of powders used in guns and explosives

Question 17

woodblock printing

Answer 17

a form of printing in which an entire page is carved into a block of wood, covered with ink, and pressed to a piece of paper to create a printed page

Question 18

civil service

Answer 18

service as a government official

Question 19

Genghis Khan

Answer 19

Ruler of the Mongols, he led his people in attacks against China and other parts of Asia. His name means “universal leader”

Question 20

Marco Polo

Answer 20

Italian trader, he traveled to China and later wrote a book about his trip. During his time in China he served as a government official in Kublai Khan’s court

Question 21

Zhu Yuanzhang

Answer 21

Emperor of China and founder of the Ming dynasty, he led an army that overthrew the Mongols

Question 22

Zheng He

Answer 22

Chinese admiral during the Ming dynasty, he led great voyages that spread China’s fame throughout Asia

Question 23

Forbidden City

Answer 23

a huge palace complex built by China’s Mind empereors that included hundreds of imperial residences, temples, and other government buildings

Question 24

isolationism

Answer 24

a policy of avoiding contact with other countries

Question 25

Kublai Khan

Answer 25

Mongol ruler, he completed the conquest of China and founded the Yuan dyansty

Question 26

bureaucracy

Answer 26

a body of unelected government officials