Europe: Ch3 Modern History

Question 1

Adolf Hitler

Answer 1

German dictator and Nazi leader, his aggression launched World War II

Question 2

nationalism

Answer 2

a devotion and loyalty to one’s country; develops among people with a common language, religion, or history

Question 3

alliance

Answer 3

an agreement to work together

Question 4

trench warfare

Answer 4

a style of fighting common in World War I in which each side fights from deep ditches, or trenches, dug into the ground

Question 5

Treaty of Versailles

Answer 5

the final peace settlement of World War I

Question 6

Woodrow Wilson

Answer 6

President of the United States, he led the country through World War I and was a champion of world peace and democracy

Question 7

Communism

Answer 7

an economic and political system in which the government owns all businesses and controls the economy

Question 8

Vladimir Lenin

Answer 8

Russian revolutionary leader, he led the overthrow of the Russian government in 1917 to create the first Communist state

Question 9

Great Depression

Answer 9

a global economic crisis that struck countries around the world in the 1930s

Question 10

Benito Mussolini

Answer 10

Fascist dictator of Italy, he joined forces with Hitler during World War II and fought against the Allies

Question 11

dictator

Answer 11

a ruler who has almost absolute power

Question 12

Allies

Answer 12

Great Britain, France, the Societ Union, and the United States; they joined together in World War II against Germany, Italy, and Japan

Question 13

Anne Frank

Answer 13

Victim of the Holocaust, she was a young girl who kept a diary of her life while her family hid from the Nazis

Question 14

Axis Powers

Answer 14

the name for the alliance formed by Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War II

Question 15

Holocaust

Answer 15

the Nazis’ effort to wipe out the Jewish people in World War II, when 6 million Jews throughout Europe were killed

Question 16

Cold War

Answer 16

a period of distrust between the United States and Soviet Union after World War II, when there was a tense rivalry between the two superpowers but no direct fighting

Question 17

superpower

Answer 17

a strong and influential country

Question 18

arms race

Answer 18

a competition between countries to build superior weapons

Question 19

Michail Gorbachev

Answer 19

Leader of the Soviet Union, his reforms led to the breakup of the Soviet Union, a thaw in the Cold War, and the fall of Communism in Europe

Question 20

common market

Answer 20

a group of nations that cooperates to make trade among members easier

Question 21

European Union (EU)

Answer 21

an organization that promotes political and economic cooperation in Europe