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C&M Upper Limb > SDL Week 4: The forearm and wrist > Flashcards

SDL Week 4: The forearm and wrist Flashcards

1
Q

What is supination?

A

turning your palm up to face you

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2
Q

Which muscles carries out supination?

A
  • posterior forearm muscle called supinator

- biceps brachii

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3
Q

What is pronation?

A

turning your palm to face the floor

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4
Q

Which muscles carry out pronation?

A

pronator teres and pronator quadratus contract

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5
Q

Which finger is considered as the 1st joint?

A

the thumb

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6
Q

What are the following boundaries of the cubital fossa:

  1. Superior boundary
  2. Floor
  3. Medial border
  4. Lateral border
A
  1. imaginary line between the medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus
  2. Brachialis
  3. Pronator teres
  4. Brachioradialis
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7
Q

What is contained in the cubital fossa?

A
  1. Radial nerve
  2. Median nerve
  3. Biceps brachii
  4. Brachial artery (which bifurcates into radial and ulnar arteries)
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8
Q

What are the names of all the muscles in the anterior compartment in the:

  1. Superficial group
  2. Intermediate group
  3. Deep group
A
  1. pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus and flexor carpi ulnaris
  2. Flexor digitorum superficialis
  3. Flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus and pronator quadratus
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9
Q

Which muscle lies between the flexor calpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris and is present in only 85% of people

A

palmaris longus

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10
Q

What are the distal insertions of:

  1. Pronator teres
  2. Flexor carpi radialis
  3. Palmaris longus
  4. Flexor carpi ulnaris
A
  1. shaft of radius
  2. 2nd and 3rd metacarpal
  3. palmar aponeurosis
  4. 2nd and 3rd metacarpal
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11
Q

Where to the tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis travel under and insert?

A

travel under the flexor retinaculum to insert onto the intermediate phalanages of 2-5

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12
Q

where do the deep flexor muscles in the forearm originate?

A

from the shaft of the radius and ulna and the interosseous membrane

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13
Q

Which nerve are the deep muscles of the anterior forearm innervated by?

A

deep branch of the median nerve called the anterior interosseous nerve

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14
Q

Which deep muscle of the anterior forearm is innervated by 2 nerves?

A

flexor digitorum profundus - the anterior interosseous and ulnar

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15
Q

Where do the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus insert?

A

distal phalanges of digits 2-5

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16
Q

What structures run through the carpal tunnel

A
  • Median nerve
  • Flexor digitorum superficialis tendons
  • Flexor pollicis longus tendon
  • Flexor digitorum profundus tendon
17
Q

Which muscles of the hand are affected in carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis ?

18
Q

What are the superficial extensor muscles of the posterior forearm?

A
  • Extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL)
  • Extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB)
  • Extensor digitorum (ED)
  • Extensor digiti minimi (EDM)
  • Extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU)
19
Q

What is the ‘common extensor origin’

A

lateral epicondyle

20
Q

Which are the two principle wrist extensors?

A

extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor carpi ulnaris

21
Q

Which are the two principle wrist extensors?

A

extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor carpi ulnaris

22
Q

What is the principle wrist flexor muscle?

A

flexor carpi radialis

23
Q

What is the extensor expansion and what is its function?

A
  • a fibrous band of tissue that overlies the dorsum of the digits
  • helps to keep the extensor tendons in the midline of the digits
  • serves as an insertion point for the tendons of some of the small muscles in the hand, thus allowing those muscles to move the fingers too
24
Q

The deep extensors of the posterior forearm are responsible for which movements?

A

abduction and extension of the thumb or extension of the index finger

25
Q

Which nerve innervates the deep extensors of the posterior forearm?

A

a branch of the radial nerve called the posterior interosseous nerve

26
Q

What does the supinator do?

A

supinates the forearm

27
Q

What is the anatomical snuffbox?

A

The area between the tendons of abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis form a distinstive depression at the wrist

28
Q

What lies on the floor of the ASB?

A

Scaphoid bone

29
Q

Which artery can be palpated in the anatomical snuffbox?

A

radial artery

30
Q

which vein can be accessed in the snuffbox?

A

cephalic vein

C&M Upper Limb (10 decks)

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