SDL Week 4: The forearm and wrist Flashcards
What is supination?
turning your palm up to face you
Which muscles carries out supination?
- posterior forearm muscle called supinator
- biceps brachii
What is pronation?
turning your palm to face the floor
Which muscles carry out pronation?
pronator teres and pronator quadratus contract
Which finger is considered as the 1st joint?
the thumb
What are the following boundaries of the cubital fossa:
- Superior boundary
- Floor
- Medial border
- Lateral border
- imaginary line between the medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus
- Brachialis
- Pronator teres
- Brachioradialis
What is contained in the cubital fossa?
- Radial nerve
- Median nerve
- Biceps brachii
- Brachial artery (which bifurcates into radial and ulnar arteries)
What are the names of all the muscles in the anterior compartment in the:
- Superficial group
- Intermediate group
- Deep group
- pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus and flexor carpi ulnaris
- Flexor digitorum superficialis
- Flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus and pronator quadratus
Which muscle lies between the flexor calpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris and is present in only 85% of people
palmaris longus
What are the distal insertions of:
- Pronator teres
- Flexor carpi radialis
- Palmaris longus
- Flexor carpi ulnaris
- shaft of radius
- 2nd and 3rd metacarpal
- palmar aponeurosis
- 2nd and 3rd metacarpal
Where to the tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis travel under and insert?
travel under the flexor retinaculum to insert onto the intermediate phalanages of 2-5
where do the deep flexor muscles in the forearm originate?
from the shaft of the radius and ulna and the interosseous membrane
Which nerve are the deep muscles of the anterior forearm innervated by?
deep branch of the median nerve called the anterior interosseous nerve
Which deep muscle of the anterior forearm is innervated by 2 nerves?
flexor digitorum profundus - the anterior interosseous and ulnar
Where do the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus insert?
distal phalanges of digits 2-5
What structures run through the carpal tunnel
- Median nerve
- Flexor digitorum superficialis tendons
- Flexor pollicis longus tendon
- Flexor digitorum profundus tendon
Which muscles of the hand are affected in carpal tunnel syndrome?
abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis ?
What are the superficial extensor muscles of the posterior forearm?
- Extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL)
- Extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB)
- Extensor digitorum (ED)
- Extensor digiti minimi (EDM)
- Extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU)
What is the ‘common extensor origin’
lateral epicondyle
Which are the two principle wrist extensors?
extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor carpi ulnaris
Which are the two principle wrist extensors?
extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor carpi ulnaris
What is the principle wrist flexor muscle?
flexor carpi radialis
What is the extensor expansion and what is its function?
- a fibrous band of tissue that overlies the dorsum of the digits
- helps to keep the extensor tendons in the midline of the digits
- serves as an insertion point for the tendons of some of the small muscles in the hand, thus allowing those muscles to move the fingers too
The deep extensors of the posterior forearm are responsible for which movements?
abduction and extension of the thumb or extension of the index finger
Which nerve innervates the deep extensors of the posterior forearm?
a branch of the radial nerve called the posterior interosseous nerve
What does the supinator do?
supinates the forearm
What is the anatomical snuffbox?
The area between the tendons of abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis form a distinstive depression at the wrist
What lies on the floor of the ASB?
Scaphoid bone
Which artery can be palpated in the anatomical snuffbox?
radial artery
which vein can be accessed in the snuffbox?
cephalic vein
