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AHW - equine > SDL (practical + passports and identification) > Flashcards

SDL (practical + passports and identification) Flashcards

1
Q

equine passports - compulsory?

A

YES
all equids must have passport from 6 months of age (BY LAW)

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2
Q

equine passports - what do they include (6)

A
  • routine vaccs
  • indicate if intended for human consumption
  • written NARRATIVE AND drawn SILHOUETTE of the indiv horse
  • breeding history
  • previous owners
  • microchip no.
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3
Q

completing an equine passport - who?

A

qualified vet. surgeon

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4
Q

completing an equine passport - guidance to refer to?

A

‘10 Principles of Certification’
(RCVS guidance)

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5
Q

anatomy diagram with names - see onenote make anki flashcards of each key body part?

A
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6
Q

equine height
describe how to measure

A
  • ensure horse stood ‘square’ on a level surface
  • use ‘measuring stick’
  • measure from ground to highest point of withers
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7
Q

horses vs ponies - how to differentiate

A

horses 14.3hh or over AT MATURITY

ponies 14.2 or below AT MATURITY

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8
Q

picking out hooves - see onenotefor step by step

A
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9
Q

signs of low arousal (4)

A
  • head level with withers
  • droopy bottom lip
  • resting hind leg (not always?)
  • ears relaxed/occasionally moving back and forth
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10
Q

signs of high arousal (4)

A
  • head above withers
  • teeth bared
  • constant limb movement
  • ears alert/flat against head
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11
Q

lunging is a form of…

A

controlled exercise for horses

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12
Q

lunging: 3 ways/times it may be used

A

1) alt form of exercise if horse cannot be ridden

2) training aid - improve fitness, muscle definition

3) veterinary examination - to identify lameness

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13
Q

approach horses…

A

towards (horse’s) left shoulder

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14
Q

5 common methods of restraint

A
  • head collar and lead rope
  • bridle (incls normal bit)
  • chifney
  • chemical (e.g. sedation)
  • holding up one leg
  • neck and/or nose twitch (not to be used on every horse - indiv dep)
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15
Q

“chifney”
what does it do?
what is it classed as?

A
  • applies direct pressure to tongue and bars of mouth = more control for handler
  • ‘in-hand’ bit = to handle horses on ground ONLY
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16
Q

how to:
nose twitch

A

‘humane’/wooden device on top lip and applying pressure

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17
Q

how to:
neck twitch

A

grasping fold of skin on neck and twisting

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18
Q

why do ‘twitches’ immobilise horses? (3)

A

1) stim of nerve endings = endorphin release

2) horse reacts to twitch as painful stimuli

3) horse becomes flooded with sensory info

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19
Q

equine boots - what are they for?

A

protect horses distal limb

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20
Q

equine boots - list 5 diff types

A

1 tendon boots

2 fetlock boots

3 overreach boots

4 brushing boots

5 travel boots

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21
Q

tendon boots - what do they do?

A

protect tendons on (palmer aspect of) fore legs from being struck by hind feet when jumping

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22
Q

tail bandages - when they may be used:

A

(VET) keep tail clean and out of way during procedures e.g. rectal exam.

protect from damage during transport

23
Q

fetlock boots - what do they do?

A

protect (medial aspect of) hind fetlocks from injury when jumping

24
Q

4 key points to note when using tail bandages:

A
  • not left on >3hrs
  • tail dry before applying (prevent sores)
  • equal pressure applied to entire bandage
  • velcro/bandage straps fastened using same amount of pressure as rest of bandage
25
Q

stable bandages - what are they for?

A

keep wound clean
and
provide support to limb

26
Q

microchips - compulsory?

A

YES (oct 2020)

27
Q

microchips - implanted where?

A

in/adjacent to nuchal ligament
at top of left mid crest

28
Q

microchips - what to do PRIOR implantation? 2

A
  • scan neck for presence of microchip
  • test that microchip functioning correctly
29
Q

microchips - what to do AFTER implantation?

A
  • re-scan implantation site to confirm successful implantation
30
Q

horses - gestation period

A

320-340 days

31
Q

horses - puberty period

A

12-24 months

32
Q

filly

A

female horse UNDER 4 yrs

33
Q

mare

A

female horse 4 or OLDER

34
Q

colt

A

UNCASTRATED male horse UNDER 4yrs

35
Q

STALLION

A

UNCASTRATED male horse 4yrs or OLDER

36
Q

gelding

A

CASTRATED male ANY age

37
Q

donkeys - gestation period

A

340 - 370 days

38
Q

donkeys - puberty

A

12-24 months

38
Q

male donkey

A

jack

39
Q

female donkey

A

jenny

39
Q
A
40
Q

mule (define)

A

offspring from
jack + mare
(male donkey + female horse)

40
Q

hinny - define

A

offspring from
stallion + jenny
(male horse + female donkey)

40
Q

common colours: BAY

A

Clear defined colour line between black lower part of legs and general tan/brown of rest of body

black mane and tail

avoid using ‘light/dark bay’ as seasonal colour variation = misleading

41
Q

common colours: BROWN

A

Whole coat brown (almost black)

no distinguishing colour line between upper and lower part of legs

brown mane and tail,

often tan in stifle fold

often light brown muzzle

41
Q

common colours: BLACK

A

Whole coat (incl legs, body, stifle fold, muzzle) black

mane and tail black

any indication of tan = brown

may have lack of pigment In hoof when white marks on legs (still classed as black?)

42
Q

common colours: CHESTNUT

A

Reddish/yellow brown

chestnut mane and tail - may be lighter OR darker than body

lower limbs may be white

42
Q

common colours: GREY

A

Body coat = mix of black and white hairs

SKIN BLACK

increasing age = coat lighter

many variations with age and season

majority not grey as foals

43
Q

common colours: ROAN

A

Mix of many white and brown/chestnut hairs

intensity varies with season

thoroughbreds rarely roan - most which appear roan are in transition period of going grey - and they look like they are aswell

43
Q

5 additional less common colours:

A

Piebald (white w black)

Skewbald (white w any other colour)

Cream (‘white’?)

Dun (looks like the horse from spirit)

Palomino (looks strawberry blonde-ish with white mane and tail)

44
Q

additional ch. noted on passports: name them (5)

A
  • Flesh marks (absence of pigment e.g. pink nose)
  • Whorls
  • Prophets thumb
  • Acquired marks (scars, bites, BRAND OR FREEZE MARKS) - PERMANENT
  • Microchip placement (if moved from nuchal ligament)
45
Q

what is a whorl

A

change in direction of flow of hair

(typically circles but may also be linear)

46
Q

what is the ‘prophet’s thumb’ mark?

A

muscular depression usually in neck,
sometimes in shoulders and occasionally in hindquarters

47
Q

acquired marks:

usually seen as?

indicated in sketch by?

A
  • white hairs
  • BLACK arrow

AHW - equine (4 decks)

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