scrotal swelling pt1

Question 1

ddx for scrotal mass?

Answer 1

cancer, inguinal hernia, varicocele, hydrocele, spermatocele, torsion, epididymo-orchitis

Question 2

hydrocele define and symptoms and causes/types?

Answer 2

fluid in tunica vaginalis
non tender scrotal swelling

non-communicating: idiopathic cause
communicating with pleural cavity: congenital due to failure of obliteration of tunica vaginalis, changes in size

Question 3

dx and tx of hydrocele?

Answer 3

transillumination +ve, conservative tx/needle drainage/ hydrocelectomy

Question 4

define spermatocele with symptoms and dx and tx?

Answer 4

epididymal retention cyst filled with sperm
asymptomatic
+ve transillumination
no tx needed

Question 5

varicocele define, symptoms, dx, tx?

Answer 5

dilated pampiniform venous plexus due to incompetent testicular valves

“bag of worms” swelling, painless, pulsates with valsalva

dx: -ve transillumination, clinical diagnosis
tx: conservative, ligation of veins