bladder cancer

Question 1

types of bladder cancer?

risk factors?

Answer 1

transitional cell (most common), adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma

smoking, paint workers, dyes, chemicals, petroleum workers, truck drivers (diesel, aromatic amines), cyclophosphamide, leather industry, schistosomiasis

Question 2

classic presentation?

Answer 2

painless hematuria, with or without irritative symptoms like frequency and dysuria

Question 3

diagnosis?

Answer 3

CBC, urinalysis with culture and cytology, cystoscopy with biopsy, CT with contrast (non filling defect)

Question 4

stages?

Answer 4

t0= in situ
t1: lamina propria
t2: muscle
t3: perivesical tissue
t4: metastasis

Question 5

tx?

Answer 5

t0=TURBT with intravesical chemotherapy (mitomycin c)
t1: TURBT
t2-4: radical cystectomy with LN dissection and creation of new bladder, with chemotherapy

Question 6

types of new bladder?

Answer 6

ileal conduit with stoma: incontinent

bowel pouch (urinary diversion): continent