Screening for Cardiac Disease

Question 1

What are common signs of sx reported to PT?

Answer 1

fatigue, poor exercise tolerance, bilateral edema, N/V, DOE, loss of body hair, cyanosis, HA, syncope

Question 2

What areas of brain are headaches likely felt in?

Answer 2

suboccipital and temporal

Question 3

Where is pain usually reported?

Answer 3

chest, shoulder, back, neck , jaw or arm pain

Question 4

What are sx that could be present?

Answer 4

fever, night sweats, pallor, diaphoresis

Question 5

What in females must we ask about if they have other risk factors?

Answer 5

are they taking birth control- potential for DVT

Question 6

What are HR recommendations for exercise?

Answer 6

under 60 ok if no symptoms and normal ECG
120-150 precaution to initiation of exercise
over 150 contraindication to exercise

Question 7

What are diastolic recommendations for exercise?

Answer 7

if under 70 and no sx is ok

over 115 refer to MD contraindication

Question 8

What are systolic recommendations for exercise?

Answer 8

under 100 ok if no sx
over 160 check with physician
over 200 contraindicated

Question 9

At what temperature should a patient not exercise?

Answer 9

over 101 definite no

over 100 consider deferring

Question 10

What are 4 most common cardiac diagnoses that mimic MS sx?

Answer 10

MI, angina, pericarditis, AAA

Question 11

Why does angina occur?

Answer 11

lack of blood flow to heart, 75% occlusion of coronary artery

Question 12

How long does angina last for typically?

Answer 12

1-3 mins and can be relieved with rest or NTG

Question 13

What are signs and sx of angina?

Answer 13

gripping, vise pain or pressure substernal, neck pain etc., indigestion feeling, dyspnea, nausea, belching

Question 14

What are vitals likely to look like?

Answer 14

HR and BP both elevated

Question 15

When are MI more likely to occur?

Answer 15

in the morning

Question 16

What are sx and signs of MI?

Answer 16

angina for over 30 mins, NTG not helping, diaphoresis, asystole

Question 17

How are females sx for MI different?

Answer 17

more subtle overall, less chest sx, more extremity pain or HA, weakness in arms

sx can start 1 month before event

Question 18

What is pericarditis?

Answer 18

inflammation of heart secondary to infection or recent MI or crush injury

Question 19

What are signs and sx of pericarditis?

Answer 19

anginal pattern, difficulty swallowing, cough, LE edema

pain increases with cough, laughing, lying down
pain decreases with sitting up or holding breath

Question 20

What is important to ask with patients with CHF?

Answer 20

is it controlled and are they taking daily weights

Question 21

What are sx with L sided CHF?

Answer 21

fatigue, DOE, orthopnea, ms weakness, edema, Tachy, cough

Question 22

What are sx of R sided CHF?

Answer 22

fatigue, dependent edema, pitting edema, R UQ pain, cyanosis

Question 23

What are sx of diastolic CHF?

Answer 23

fatigue, orthopnea, JVD, edema

Question 24

When should you screen for an AAA?

Answer 24

if pt is over 50 and has risk factors

Question 25

What are sx of an aneurism?

Answer 25

pain in low back, hip, groin, glutes

abdominal heart beat- med emergency

Question 26

What is sign of a rupture of AA?

Answer 26

severe pain with no change with positioning

BP drops less than 100 but HR up over 100

Question 27

What is worse arterial or venous occlusion?

Answer 27

venous as you are at risk for a DVT

Question 28

What is a sign of rhabdomyalysis?

Answer 28

weakness, dark urine bc you are dumping waste in bloodstream

compare if it is exercise induced or med induced (over 48 hours)

Question 29

What are SE of diuretics?

Answer 29

electrolyte imbalance, ms weakness, HA, ms cramps, dizziness

Question 30

If someone uses TUMS chronically what is that likely indicative of?

Answer 30

heart disease, think its indigestion

Question 31

What are BB used for?

Answer 31

reduce BP by reducing epinepherine

monitor HR to not go to low but use RPE scale to monitor

Question 32

What are s/e of NTG?

Answer 32

HA, dizziness, tachy, OTN

Question 33

When would you call 911 if pt is using NTG?

Answer 33

if angina is not resolved within 3 in 15 minutes

Question 34

What patients should be sent immediately?

Answer 34

sudden intermittent claudication, DVT sx, TIA, angina if not gone after 3 minutes, 3 NTG and no relief, MI