Screening for Cardiac Disease Flashcards
What are common signs of sx reported to PT?
fatigue, poor exercise tolerance, bilateral edema, N/V, DOE, loss of body hair, cyanosis, HA, syncope
What areas of brain are headaches likely felt in?
suboccipital and temporal
Where is pain usually reported?
chest, shoulder, back, neck , jaw or arm pain
What are sx that could be present?
fever, night sweats, pallor, diaphoresis
What in females must we ask about if they have other risk factors?
are they taking birth control- potential for DVT
What are HR recommendations for exercise?
under 60 ok if no symptoms and normal ECG
120-150 precaution to initiation of exercise
over 150 contraindication to exercise
What are diastolic recommendations for exercise?
if under 70 and no sx is ok
over 115 refer to MD contraindication
What are systolic recommendations for exercise?
under 100 ok if no sx
over 160 check with physician
over 200 contraindicated
At what temperature should a patient not exercise?
over 101 definite no
over 100 consider deferring
What are 4 most common cardiac diagnoses that mimic MS sx?
MI, angina, pericarditis, AAA
Why does angina occur?
lack of blood flow to heart, 75% occlusion of coronary artery
How long does angina last for typically?
1-3 mins and can be relieved with rest or NTG
What are signs and sx of angina?
gripping, vise pain or pressure substernal, neck pain etc., indigestion feeling, dyspnea, nausea, belching
What are vitals likely to look like?
HR and BP both elevated
When are MI more likely to occur?
in the morning
What are sx and signs of MI?
angina for over 30 mins, NTG not helping, diaphoresis, asystole
How are females sx for MI different?
more subtle overall, less chest sx, more extremity pain or HA, weakness in arms
sx can start 1 month before event
What is pericarditis?
inflammation of heart secondary to infection or recent MI or crush injury
What are signs and sx of pericarditis?
anginal pattern, difficulty swallowing, cough, LE edema
pain increases with cough, laughing, lying down
pain decreases with sitting up or holding breath
What is important to ask with patients with CHF?
is it controlled and are they taking daily weights
What are sx with L sided CHF?
fatigue, DOE, orthopnea, ms weakness, edema, Tachy, cough
What are sx of R sided CHF?
fatigue, dependent edema, pitting edema, R UQ pain, cyanosis
What are sx of diastolic CHF?
fatigue, orthopnea, JVD, edema
When should you screen for an AAA?
if pt is over 50 and has risk factors
What are sx of an aneurism?
pain in low back, hip, groin, glutes
abdominal heart beat- med emergency
What is sign of a rupture of AA?
severe pain with no change with positioning
BP drops less than 100 but HR up over 100
What is worse arterial or venous occlusion?
venous as you are at risk for a DVT
What is a sign of rhabdomyalysis?
weakness, dark urine bc you are dumping waste in bloodstream
compare if it is exercise induced or med induced (over 48 hours)
What are SE of diuretics?
electrolyte imbalance, ms weakness, HA, ms cramps, dizziness
If someone uses TUMS chronically what is that likely indicative of?
heart disease, think its indigestion
What are BB used for?
reduce BP by reducing epinepherine
monitor HR to not go to low but use RPE scale to monitor
What are s/e of NTG?
HA, dizziness, tachy, OTN
When would you call 911 if pt is using NTG?
if angina is not resolved within 3 in 15 minutes
What patients should be sent immediately?
sudden intermittent claudication, DVT sx, TIA, angina if not gone after 3 minutes, 3 NTG and no relief, MI
