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Family Medicine > Screening and Preventive Medicine > Flashcards

Screening and Preventive Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

Breast Cancer screening

A

Mammography starting at age 50 q2years

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2
Q

Lung cancer screening

A

Age >55 with a >30 pack year history and quitting <15 years ago

Test: Low dose CT scan q1y

Quit at 80 years old or when they have quit smoking >15 years ago

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3
Q

AAA screening

A

Men >65 and who have EVER smoked

Test: Abdominal US

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4
Q

Calcium oxalate crystals in gout

A

Seen in end stage renal disease Pts

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5
Q

Acute PolyArticular arthritis

A

Suspect underlying endocarditis or disseminated Gonococcal infxn

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6
Q

Prenatal labs

A

CBC

HBsAg

Hiv testing

Rpr

Urinalysis

Urine cx

Rubella antibody

Type and screen

Pap smear

Cervical Swab for chlamydia and gonorrhea e

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7
Q

Asymptomatic bacteruria risks in pregnant ladies

A

Preterm labor

Acute pyelonephritis

Low birth weight

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8
Q

6 month shots

A

DtAP

Hep b

Hib

Pneumococcal

Rotavirus

Influenza

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9
Q

Six month milestones

A

Six strangers switch sitting at 6 months

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10
Q

Drug used to treat public speaking phobias

A

BBs

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11
Q

Panic attack treatment

A

Control= SSRIs

Abortive=Benzos

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12
Q

MDD symptoms

A 
Sleep
Interest
Guilt
Energy
Concentration
Appetite 
Pyschomotor 
Suicidal thoughts

Need 5/8

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13
Q

Post partum psychosis tx

A

Antipsychotics

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14
Q

Diagnostic criteria for diabetes

A

Fasting blood glucose of >126

HbA1C >6.5

Plasma glucose of 200mg/dl or greater 2 hours after a 75g glucose challenge

Random plasma glucose of 200 or greater with hyperglycemic symptoms

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15
Q

Antihypertensive to use in black people

A

Thiazides OR amlodipine

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16
Q

Guidelines for starting statins

A
  1. Anyone under the age of 75 with atherosclerotic CV disease
  2. LDL >190
  3. Anyone older than 40 w/ a 10-year CVD risk of >7.5%
  4. Diabetics with an LDL of greater than 70
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17
Q

Thyroid nodule workup

A

TSH

Ultrasound

Biopsy; especially if it is >1cm or has normal/reduced functioning

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18
Q

Vaccine that cannot be administered after 15 weeks

A

Rotavirus

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19
Q

PCOS diagnostic criteria

A

Hyperandrogenism, evidenced by hirsutism or elevated serum androgen levels

Oligomenorrhea with cycle length greater than or equal to 35 days

Multifollicular ovaries on pelvic US (12 or greater)

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20
Q

Patient with suspected SAH

A

Refer to ER immediately; do not even get CT if you are in outpatient

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21
Q

Diabetic medications that help to lose weight

A

Metformin and Incretins (Exenatide)

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22
Q

Treatment for IBS with diarrhea

A

Peppermint oil

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23
Q

Frozen shoulder

A

Idiopathic condition that causes loss of active and passive shoulder rotation and severe pain, especially at night

Commonly happens in DM Type II patients

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24
Q

Erythema toxicum neonatorum

A

“Flea bitten” rash on the upper body of a newborn; infant is otherwise in no significant distress

Rash looks like small pustules surrounded by an erythematous base

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25
Q

Croup tx

A

Mild- Mist

Moderate- Racemic epi, steroids, O2

Severe-

-Patient is 3months-3 years old and has barking cough with stridor

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26
Q

Croup that does not improve w/ racemic epinephrine

A

Probably dealing with bacterial tracheitis; give antibiotics and get tracheal culture

Will probably see purulence in the back of the throat as well

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27
Q

<2 year old presenting w/ asthma like symptoms in the winter

A

Think bronchiolitis

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28
Q

Acne rosacea

A

Patient presents with central facial erythema and telangectasia that can progress to rhinophyma, flushing triggered by food or emotions, ocular problems, and pustules

Tx: Sunscreen use, oral metronidaozle or tetracycline

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29
Q

Posterior tibialis tendinopathy

A

Patient will have pain and swelling behind their medial malleolus but will not recall spraining their ankle

Tx: Immobilization in a boot or cast for 2-3 weeks

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30
Q

Restless leg syndrome treatment

A

Pramiprexole, ropirinole

Also try iron supplementation if there ferritin is low

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31
Q

TST result interpretation

A

High risk? =» >5mm is positive

Low risk? =» >15mm is positive

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32
Q

Testing to get for pyloric stenosis

A

Abdominal x ray to rule out a perforation

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33
Q

Indications for battery removal

A

Hasn’t progressed in 3 days

Flat button battery

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34
Q

Lewy body dementia

A

Presents with vivid hallucinations, fluctuation in cognition, and parkinsonian Extrapyramidal signs with postural instability

Tremor may not be present

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35
Q

Metabolic syndrome

A

Constellation of symptoms including 3 of the following

Waist circumference >102 cm

Triglycerides > 150

HDL < 40 if male, <50 if female

Blood pressure >130/85

Fasting plasma glucose >100

Or if a patient is being treated for any of these

Increased risk of CVD and DM

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36
Q

Antiepileptics to use in pregnancy if you have to

A

Lamotrigine, leviteracetam (L-drugs)

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37
Q

Uterine rupture

A

Usually occurs at the site of a c-section scar; occurs with contractions, is painful, and regression of fetal station

Tx: Crash c-sec

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38
Q

Prepubertal labial adhesions

A

Idiopathic condition in which pediatric patients have adhesions near the introitus of the vagina that may interrupt urination, create a pulling sensation, or cause recurrent UTIs

Tx: Topical estrogen

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39
Q

Pallidotomy

A

Surgery for disabling unilateral tremor and dyskinesia from Parkinson’s disease

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40
Q

Monteggia fracture

A

Distal fracture of the ulnar with dislocation of the radius

Due to someone blocking something with their backarm

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41
Q

Galezzia Fracture

A

Radius break with ulnar dislocation

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42
Q

Fracture of the femoral head

A

Needs a prosthesis for repair

Often presents in an old lady with a shortened and externally rotated leg

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43
Q

Antibiotics that are CYP inhibitors

A

Macrolides (erythromycin, Clarithromycin)

Statins and other drugs metabolized in the liver are CI’d while using these abs

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44
Q

Tx for HELLP

A

Delivery

Make sure to be observant of lab values

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45
Q

Child with Glomerulonephritis following a uri

A

Probably an IgA nephropathy

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46
Q

Other sites for herpes

A

Butt and sacrum

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47
Q

Pregnant lady with cervical trauma

A

Keep her in the supine position with the uterus deflected laterally

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48
Q

Surgery for an AAA

A

Tender mass

Back pain

> 5.5 cm

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49
Q

Non opioid that can provide pain relief from compression fractures

A

Calcitonin

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50
Q

Surgery for an AAA

A

Tender mass

Back pain

> 5.5 cm

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51
Q

Non opioid that can provide pain relief from compression fractures

A

Calcitonin

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52
Q

MCC of tracheitis

A

S. Aureus

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53
Q

LCP Tx

A

Conservative, brace the hip while maintaining some motion

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54
Q

SCFE Tx

A

Surgical pinning of the femoral head

If not, can lead to Avascular necrosis

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55
Q

Aspirin OD

A

Early: Tinnitus, N/V, vertigo, Respiratory alkalosis

Late: Anion gap acidosis, obtunded, coma, hyperpyrexia, Metabolic acidosis

Dx: Salicylate level

Tx: Alkalinize the urine

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56
Q

Cyanide OD

A

Causes: Smoke inhalation, nitroprusside OD

Pt: Sick w/ cherry red skin and blood

Tx: Thiosulfate

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57
Q

Organophosphate poisoning tx

A

Atropine and Pralidoxime (if you have to choose, pick pralidoxime)

Signs: Salivation
           Lacrimation
          Urination
           Diarrhea
           GI upset
           Emesis
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58
Q

Best tx for nocturnal enuresis

A

Bed wetting alarm

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59
Q

Common deficiency after gastric bypass surgery

A

Iron and B12

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60
Q

DRESS syndrome

A

Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms

Erythroderma accompanied by fever, lymphadenopathy, elevated liver enzymes, and eosinophilia

-Typically caused by a medication such as antiepileptics or allopurinol

Tx: Corticosteroids and stop offending drug

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61
Q

Preventing post op atelectasis

A

Deep inspiration, coughing, incentive spirometry, and pain control

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62
Q

Postimplantation syndrome

A

Self-limited fever, elevated CRP, and leukocytosis w/ negative blood cx

Usually follows an aortic aneurysm repair

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63
Q

Recurrent wheezing differential in children

A

Bronchomalacia

Vascular rings

GERD

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64
Q

Indications for palivizumab

A

Child with…

Chronic lung disease

Prematurity

Congenital heart disease

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65
Q

Antispasmodics for IBS

A

Dicyclomine, hyoscyamine

Used as need when pain is mild and infrequent

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66
Q

IBS tx for frequent and severe pain

A

TCAs

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67
Q

Diarrhea-predominant IBS tx

A

Loperamide

Rifaximin

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68
Q

Constipation-predominant IBS tx

A

Fiber (like psyllium)

Polyethylene glycol

Lubiprostone (activates intestinal chloride channels)

Linaclotide (increases gut motility) and secretions)

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69
Q

Jersey Finger

A

Tearing of the flexor tendons

Occurs after a ripping motion when someone is trying to hold on it

Tx: NSAIDs, splinting, surgery last resort

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70
Q

Mallet finger

A

Tearing of the extensor tendon

Occurs when a ball hits someones finger tip

Tx: NSAIDs, splinting, steroids, surgery last resort

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71
Q

Trigger Finger

A

Stenosing tenosynovitis (not a sports injury), patient when forcing finger into extension will see a pop

Tx: Splinting, NSAIDs, Steroids, Surgery last resort

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72
Q

Dequervain’s Tenosynovitis

A

Mom holding a baby and guy lifting weights

Patient complains of thumb pain

Patient can’t make a fist and then deviate towards the ulna

Tx: NSAIDs, splinting, steroids, NO SURGERY

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73
Q

Felon

A

Abscess on the pulp of the finger; patient will have a lot of pain, fever, and leukocytosis

Is a product of penetrating injury

Tx: High lateral I and D; sometimes antibiotics if severe

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74
Q

Colon cancer screening in patients with a positive family history

A

Start 10 years before the onset in their family member

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75
Q

Main action of metformin

A

Inhibition of glucose production in the liver

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76
Q

Child who is mildly dehydrated during illness at home

A

Start kid on an oral rehydration solution (not just water)

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77
Q

Treatment of infantile gonococcal ocular infxn

A

Single dose of ceftriaxone intramuscularly

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78
Q

Only drug that can intranasally reduce cold sx

A

Ipratropium

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79
Q

Bisphosphonates risks

A

Osteonecrosis of the jaw

Anemia

Burning while swallowin

CIs: Decreased renal fnxn, hypocalcemia

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80
Q

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

A

Patient is exposed to irritant and develops chills, cough, SOB

CXR will be normal, PFTs show restrictive changes

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81
Q

Onion skinning in the midshaft of the femur

A

Ewing’s sarcoma

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82
Q

Sunburst pattern on the distal femur

A

Osteosarcoma

83
Q

Childhood Obstructive Sleep Apnea tx

A

Adenotonsillectomy

84
Q

Calcaneal apophysitis

A

“Sever Disease”

Heel pain that occurs when the bones grow faster than the muscles and tendons; the Achilles tendon pulls with repetitive running or jumping causing microtrauma

Tx: NSAIDs, ice, stretching, orthotics

85
Q

Child with apneic episode

A

Admit for observation but don’t treat right away

86
Q

Treatment for a GBS pos pregnant lady who is allergic ato penicillin

A

Cefazolin

87
Q

Pain relief in hepatic cirrhosis patient

A

Anything but NSAIDS, even acetaminophen

88
Q

Red rash with Coal red luminescence under a woods lamp

A

Indicates a corynebacterium infxn, treat with erythromycin instead of an antifungals

89
Q

Abnormal ABI

A

> 1.4

Indicates arterial calcification and mandates a CT follow up

90
Q

Ottawa Rules for radiography

A

Pain in the malleolus or mid foot zone with tenderness over the distal tibia or fibula, lateral or medial malleolus, the base of the fifth metatarsal, or at the navicular bone

OR

Inability to bear weight immediately after the injury AND when evaluated by the physician

91
Q

CI’d drug in hypertensive cardiomyopathy

A

CCB

These drugs have a negative inotropic effect

92
Q

️Chronic Antihypertensive to use in pregnancy

A

Labetalol

93
Q

Tx for hypoactive sexual desire disorder

A

️Topical testosterone, for males and females

94
Q

Indications for hospital admission due to upper GI bleed

A

Age >60

Systolic pressure <100

Heart rate >100

Shock

Major comorbidities

95
Q

Rotavirus vaccine deadline

A

15 WEEKS

96
Q

Persistent occiput posterior delivery position

A

Assoc with higher risk of c-sec, assisted vaginal delivery, and lower likelihood of spontaneous delivery

97
Q

Parkland fluid for burn

A

50% of fluid in 1st 8 hrs, 50% in next 16

98
Q

Rubella in an infant

A

Prodrome: Tender Lymphadenopathy

Later: Fever and rash (a lot like measles)

There are no koplik spots like in measles

99
Q

Workup of secondary amenorrhea

A
  1. Progesterone withdrawal challenge
  2. Estrogen
  3. FSH, LH
  4. MRI of anterior pituitary
  5. Hypothalamus = diagnosis of exclusion
100
Q

Tx for prolactinoma

A

Dopamine agonists

101
Q

Pre or post exposure prophylaxis for HIV

A

Emtiricitabine and Tenofovir

102
Q

HIV prophylaxis

A

CD4 <200 : PCP (Bactrim or Dapsone)

CD4 <100 : Toxoplasmosis (Bactrim or Pyrimethamine)

CD4 <50 : MAC (Azithromycin weekly)

103
Q

Treatment for SVT

A

Radiofrequency ablation

104
Q

Ventilator tx for ARDS

A

Decreased tidal volumes with increased PEEP

105
Q

First line tx for diabetic peripheral neuropathy

A

TCAs

106
Q

Surgery for asymptomatic gallstones

A

Only if they have a hemoglobinopathy since they have an increased risk for pigmented gallstones

107
Q

Thessaly test

A

Positive test indicates a meniscal tear

Patient bends knee to 20 degrees and then internally and externally rotates it

108
Q

Acute rectal fissure pain relief

A

Botox

109
Q

Indication for adenosine administration in cardiac cases

A

Symptomatic bradycardia

110
Q

Stages of syphilis

A

1: Painless ulcer with nontender lymphadenopathy
2: Fever, rash on palms and soles of the feet, usually targetoid as well
3: Neurosyphilis (can be any neuro symptom but usually tabes dorsalis with a loss of proprioception), Argyll-Robertson pupil, aortic regurgitation

111
Q

Lymphogranuloma Venereum

A

Painless ulcer like syphilis BUT there is TENDER lymphadenopathy and usually draining pus

Pt is probably IC as well

Tx: Doxycycline

112
Q

Gestational hypertension

A

> 140/>80 that begins after 20 weeks; there is no proteinurea or edema though

Has a potential to progress to preeclampsia

113
Q

Preeclampsia management

A

Weekly followups with frequent screenings until Week 34

Be on the lookout for alarm symptoms, in that case, you deliver no matter what week it is

Alarm features: Increased creatinine, low platelets, RUQ pain, pulmonary edema, elevated LFTs, headaches, visual changes

114
Q

Pain with passive stretching of the muscles and excessive pain out of proportion to a recent injury

A

Most reliable indicators of compartment syndrome

115
Q

DVT assessment

A

Low risk= D dimer

High risk= Go straight to ultrasound

116
Q

Croup tx

A

Single dose of corticosteroids

Epinephrine as well if it is severe

117
Q

Lyme disease prophylaxis

A

Single 200 mg dose of doxycycline

118
Q

Prolonged phases of labor

A

Latent phase:

> 20 hrs (nulli)

> 14 hrs (multi)

Active phase:

> 1.2 cm/hr (nulli)

> 1.5 (multi)

Stage II:

> 3hrs (nulli)

> 2 hrs (multi)

Stage III:

> 30 mins

119
Q

Baby in breech presentation

A

Try external inversion

If it doesn’t work, c section

120
Q

Indications for surgery in diverticulitis

A

Generalized peritonitis

Unconfined perforation

Uncontrolled sepsis

Undrainable abscess

Failure of conservative management

121
Q

Exercise for elderly people in nursing homes

A

Resistance training

122
Q

Lichen planus is associated with what disease?

A

HCV

123
Q

HbA1c goals in patients with significant comorbidities and are old

A

<8.5

124
Q

Likelihood ratio of 1

A

Means the test is fuckin useless

125
Q

Cardiac pre op eval

A

EF <35% =» needs to be better

MI =» Wait 6 months

Workup: EKG, Echo, Stress if indicated for a CAD patient

Tx: MI= Stent/CABG
CHF= Diuresis

126
Q

Pulmonary pre op eval

A

Workup: PFTs, maybe ABG on the day of

Tx: O2
Inhalers to control underlying disease

*******SMOKING CESSATION 8 WEEKS IN ADVANCE

127
Q

Liver pre op eval

A

Work-up: Albumin, PT, PTT, total bilirubin, check for ascites and encephalopathy

Any of these positive, don’t go to surgery

Tx: Liver transplant

128
Q

Nutrition pre op eval

A

Loss of 20% of body weight in less than 3 months, albumin <3, and anergic skin test

Work up: Prealbumin, CRP,

Tx: 10 days of nutrition

129
Q

Patients who have gotten the BCG vaccine get screened for TB how?

A

INF-y assay

130
Q

Brugada syndrome

A

Ion channel disorder common in Asian people that presents as a RBBB with an elevation of the J point and flat or negative t wave

Can cause deadly arrhythmias

131
Q

Secondary prevention

A

Screening and intervention

132
Q

Stop screening for colon cancer at what age?

A

75 or 85 if there has been a positive one recently

133
Q

AAA Screening

A

MEN >65 who have EVER smoked

-Only have to screen once

134
Q

Hep C screening

A

Baby boomers get screened once

(1945-1965)

Test for Hep C ab

135
Q

People who HTN should be screen for what disease?

A

Diabetes; perform an A1C

136
Q

HLD screening

A

> 35 or >20 with risk factors in men

> 45 or >30 with risk factors in women

137
Q

Max doses of epinephrine for anaphylaxis

A
  1. 3-0.5 mL in adults

0. 01 mg/kg with a max dose of .3 mg/kg in kids

138
Q

Cat bite treatment

A

10-14 days of Augmentin

High risk for Pasteurella multocida

139
Q

Next step in therapy after confirming a stroke

A

Determine if thrombolytic therapy can be used

If it has been >3 hrs since onset, they are not a candidate

**CTs rule out hemorrhage, tumors, or abscess but do not always show ischemia right away

140
Q

Anosognosia

A

Unawareness of a disability; common feature of strokes

141
Q

Drugs to give after a stroke

A

Aspirin within 48 hours! Could also use clopidogrel

Also start DVT prophylaxis with heparin

Long term anticoagulation is not indicated after this acute period unless they have arterial disease that can cause clots

142
Q

Stroke in a child

A

Suspect SCD

143
Q

Severe high blood pressure after a stroke

A

Could be hypertensive encephalopathy or intracranial hemorrhage

144
Q

BP goal in a 60 year old w. HTN

A

150/90

145
Q

CKD and ARBS

A

THEY HAVE TO GET ACEIS OR ARBS

146
Q

Emergency hypertension crisis tx q

A

IV BBs, CCBs or nitrates

147
Q

BB to use in CKD

A

Labetalol

148
Q

Drug to use if spironolactone causes gynecomastia

A

Eplerenone

149
Q

HSV positive pregnant woman

A

Place them on therapy to reduce risk of viral shedding at time of delivery and breastfeeding

150
Q

TdaP in pregnant women

A

Give between 27 and 36 weeks due to increasing incidence of pertussis

151
Q

Uveitis

A

Assoc. w/ a sluggishly reactive pupil, photophobia, and conjunctival injection

Assoc. w/ Ankylosing spondylitis and other HLA-b27 conditions

Tx: Ocular corticosteroids

152
Q

Dysplasia seen in esophagus with chronic GERD management

A

Local ablative therapies; doesn’t really matter what

Follow up with surveillance EGDs

153
Q

Alarm symptoms with GERD and management

A

N/V

Anemia

Weight Loss

Progressive dysphagia

Recurrent vomiting

Jaundice

Management: EGD with biopsy

154
Q

Patient who is on BBs, is hypotensive, and not responding to epinephrine

A

Give glucagon; their adrenergic receptors are blocked

155
Q

Labs to monitor on Lithium patients

A

Lithium drug levels

Renal fnxn

TSH

156
Q

H pylori serologic tests

A

Do not differentiate between active and past infxn

157
Q

Increased bilirubin in the urine

A

Sign of Conjugated bilirubinemia

158
Q

H pylori workup

A

Serological test to screen

Stool test to work up

Urea breath test if inconclusive, save this one because it is the most expensive

159
Q

Erythema marginatum

A

Erythematous, serpinginous macules with pale centers

Caused by group a strep

160
Q

Medicine to give patients with diabetic nephropathy

A

ACEIs or arbs

These drugs reduce the progression of disease to ESRD as well as decreasing their cardiovascular risk

161
Q

Treatment of acute COPD exacerbation

A

Steroids, beta agonists, and antibiotics!

162
Q

Scleroderma S&s

A

Thickening of the skin

Raynauds

Esophageal dis motility

Interstitial lung disease

⭐️ anti- centromere antibodies!

163
Q

Gout work up

A

24 hour urine for Uric acid

If ️Decreased ➡️ prescribe probenecid which blocks resporption of Uric acid in the renal tubules

If increased/normal ➡️ allopurinol which ️Decreases the breakdown of purines

164
Q

Hypertensive urgency Tx

A

Labetalol

Nitroprusside if it’s an EMERGENCY

165
Q

Congenital syphilis

A

Baby presents with rash involving the palms and soles of the feet, bloody nasal drainage, Hepatosplenomegaly, and lymhadenopathy

⭐️Blood nasal drainage = SNUFFLES

166
Q

What follow should occur after confirmed Zollinger-Ellison

A

Men 1

167
Q

Treatment of superficial thrombophlebitis

A

Symptomatic: RICE

  • Presents with a hardened, red, and inflamed vessel; typically not like a regular DVT
  • Typically DVTs cannot be palpated; if you do have a DVT, treat with heparin and long term coumadin
168
Q

What should you check before starting a TCA?

A

QT interval =» Get an EKG

169
Q

MAOis

A

Selegline, Phenylzine, Tranylcyramine

170
Q

Management of inevitable or missed abortion

A

Oxtocin to expel remaining tissue; D and C if there is still some left

171
Q

Pramlinitide

A

️Inhibits inappropriately high glucagon secretion during episodes of hyperglycemia

172
Q

Insulin secretagogue classes

A

Sulfonylureas, Meglitinides (Nateglinide), and glp-1 agonists (Exenatide)

Glp-1 agonists also cause early satiety

173
Q

Spinal stenosis causes

A

Degenerative arthritis

Spondylolisthesis

174
Q

Anti-mitochondrial antibodies

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis

175
Q

Labyrinthitis

A

Vestibular neuritis

Post-viral inflammation of CN VIII that is benign and will resolve on its own; patients have peripheral nystagmus, balance issues, and hearing loss

176
Q

Classic patient for pseudotumor cerebri

A

Young, obese female on OCPs

177
Q

Testing for Addison’s

A

ACTH or Cosyntropin stimulation test

178
Q

Ischemic tubular necrosis

A

Increased BUN:Cr (meaning there it is 15:1 ish instead of 10:1 ish) and ENa

-In pre-renal failure, these are typically increased

179
Q

Pasteurella multocida infxn

A

Simply shows up as cellulitis; if you see lymphadenopathy, think Bartonella henslae

180
Q

Management of possible septic endocarditis

A

Echocardiogram to eval for vegetations

181
Q

pCO2 that has risen after an asthma attack

A

Indicator of impending respiratory failure, Even if they appear stable!

-It indicates that the airways are so constricted that the patient can no longer get rid of CO 2

“Silent chest” of a severe attack

Tx: Admit and intubate

182
Q

Onchomcosis

A

Presents as a yellow, somewhat tender nail

F/U: KOH examination of nail scrapings

Tx: Oral terbinafine, itraconazole

183
Q

Vesicoureteral reflux

A

Antibiotic prophylaxis until it resolves; if it is severe and does not resolve, possible intervention

184
Q

Causes of non-anion gap metabolic acidosis

A

Type I Renal Tubular Acidosis (decreased secretion of h+; can be caused by stones

GI bicarbonate loss

185
Q

Dexamethasone suppression test

A

Suppresses cortisol levels if there is a pituitary adenoma

If there is an adrenal tumor or ectopic ACTH producing mass, it will not be suppressed

186
Q

Patient with COPD who presents with acute bronchitis like symptoms

A

Go ahead and give antibiotics even tho you wouldnt do that for a normal person

187
Q

Albuminocytologic dissociation

A

Increased WBC and normal WBC in a spinal tap

Found in Guillan-Barre; don’t need to do this usually to diagnose but just in case

188
Q

Outpatient treatment of MRSA

A

Bactrim

Think MRSA if a gram pos infxn, such as a skin infxn, did not go away with a normal B-lactam drug

189
Q

Patient with ASCUS cells and a high risk HPV strain on testing

A

Colposcopy

190
Q

Otitis media with effusion remaining for a long time after an acute infxn

A

Possible tube placement if it is affecting their hearing

191
Q

Woman presenting with signs of appendicitis

A

Still get a pregnancy test

192
Q

Alprostadil

A

Prostaglandin analogue that can be used for erectile dysnfnxn when there is a CI for tadalafil (such as nitrate use)

193
Q

Elements of minimal change disease

A

Proteinuria

Edema

Hypoalbuminemia

Hyperlipidemia

194
Q

Thyroid Nodule workup

A
  1. TSH (if hyper, don’t worry about it)
    Euthyroid?

=»2. FNA

195
Q

4-2-1 rule for kids

A

First 10kg =» 40ml/kg/hr

Next 10 =» 20/ml/kg/hr

After 20 =» 1/ml/kg/hr

196
Q

First step in management of GERD

A

Lifestyle modifications

  1. H2 blockers; antacids
  2. PPIs; H2 blockers
  3. Nissen fundoplication
197
Q

Cardiac pre op clearance

A

IF they have had coronary angiography or vessel grafting in the past couple years, they good

If they have stable CHF, diabetes, uncontrolled HTN, or other mild risk factors, get a stress test before echo

198
Q

Pregnant diabetic drug changes

A

Switch any oral drugs to insulin

199
Q

Universal recommendation for menopausal women

A

1200mg/day of calcium

Vitamin d of 800IU/day

200
Q

Consider using what drugs in conjunction with opioids?

A

Bisacodyl or any other stool softener

201
Q

Lymphedema management options

A

Support, pneumatic compression, drainage, and surgery

202
Q

Squaring appearance of the foot with lower extremity swelling

A

Kaposi-Stemmer sign

Seen with lymphedema

203
Q

Tx for organophosphate poisoning

A

Atropine

Pralidoxime

Family Medicine (6 decks)

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