Screening and posture

Question 1

What is summation

Answer 1

Problems in multiple innervated levels which lead to a heightened pain response this is the reason that Payne can spread we can then become a regional problem

Question 2

What are the two types of summation

Answer 2

Temporal and spatial

Question 3

What are the primary curves

Answer 3

Thoracic and sacral kyphosis

Question 4

What are the secondary curves

Answer 4

Cervical and lumbar lordosis

Question 5

How does the center of gravity change with age

Answer 5

In a child it is at T 12 with a wide base of support in an adult it is at S2 with a narrow base of support

Question 6

What is normal alignment at the knees from newborn to six months

Answer 6

Genuvarum

Question 7

At what point do the legs initially become straight

Answer 7

One year and seven months

Question 8

When could a child have genuvalgum

Answer 8

Physiologically around two years and six months and they also could have protective toeing in until the legs straight out around 4 to 6 years

Question 9

What are some positional causes of poor posture

Answer 9

Muscle weakness abnormal growth spurts muscle imbalance pain excessive weight poor sitting habits loss of sensation pregnancy

Question 10

What are some structural causes of poor posture

Answer 10

Spina bifida cerebral palsy down syndrome amputations fractures osteoporosis polio

Question 11

What are some causes for kyphosis

Answer 11

It is an exaggerated posterior curve of the three Resik spine can be caused by tuberculosis compression fractures Shermans disease spondylitis tumors or paralysis if they have a dowagers hump it’s due to osteoporosis

Question 12

What is scoliosis

Answer 12

Lateral curves of the spine named for the direction where the apexes it can be torticollis which is in the cervical spine nonstructural which is due to contractures or weakness in which the curve it disappears with forward bending or structural in which the curve remains with forward bending