Screening and Anticipatory Guidance

Question 1

The tasks of each well child visit include (enumerate 4)

Answer 1

Disease detection
Disease prevention
Health promotion
Anticipatory guidance

Question 2

In disease prevention, activities applied to a whole population is referred to as

a) primary prevention
b) secondary prevention

Answer 2

primary prevention

eg. counseling about reducing fat intake is appropriate for all children and families

Question 3

In disease prevention, activities aimed at patients with specific factors of risk are called

a) primary prevention
b) secondary prevention

Answer 3

secondary prevention

eg. Counseling for overweight and obese youth or in the presence of a family history of hyperlipidemia and its sequelae.

Question 4

The most common cause of death during childhood and adolescence beyond the 1st few mo of life

Answer 4

Injuries

Also represent 1 of the most important causes of preventable pediatric morbidity and mortality

Question 5

Type of injury leading the list of injury deaths at all ages during childhood and adolescence, even in children younger than 1 yr of age

Answer 5

Motor vehicle injuries

• In children and adults, motor vehicle occupant injuries account for the majority of these deaths.

Question 6

The leading cause of both emergency department visits and hospitalizations

Answer 6

Falls

Question 7

Most common type of sports and recreational injury, accounting for approximately 300,000 emergency department visits annually

Answer 7

Bicycle-related trauma

Question 8

Name the age group at risk for the ff types of injuries:

a) burns, drowning, and falling
b) pedestrian injuries, bicycle-related injuries, motor vehicle occupant injuries, burns, and drowning
c) motor vehicle occupant trauma, drowning and burns, and intentional trauma

Answer 8

a) toddlers
b) young school-aged children
c) teenagers

Question 9

Gender with higher rate of injury from 1-2 yo until the 7th decade of life

Answer 9

Male

Question 10

The leading cause of serious and fatal injuries for individuals of all ages

Answer 10

Motor vehicle injuries

• the single most effective method for preventing serious or fatal injury is proper restraint use in vehicles
• Use of child restraint devices, infant car seats, and booster seats can be expected to reduce fatalities by 71% and the risk of serious injuries by 67% in children below 8yo

Question 11

Children younger than age ___ yr should never sit in the front seat, especially if an airbag is present.

Answer 11

13

Question 12

Booster seats should be used by children

_____ to ____ lbs or ____ to ____ yrs old and less than ____ ft tall

Answer 12

40-80 lbs or 4-8 yrs old

4’ 9”

Question 13

The AAP recommends that children younger than ___ yrs should not ride on ATVs (All Terrain Vehicles)

Answer 13

16

Question 14

Regarding bicycle injuries, __________ are very effective, reducing the risk of head injury by 85% and the risk of brain injury by 88%. Theyalso reduce injuries to the mid and upper face by as much as 65%.

Answer 14

Helmets

Question 15

The most common reason for a burn admission to the hospital in children younger than age 5 yr.

Answer 15

Scalds from hot liquids and foods

Question 16

The 5 most common substances ingested by young children are

Answer 16

cosmetics
cleaning agents
analgesics
topical medications
cough and cold preparations

Question 17

The most effective way to prevent childhood pool drowning is through

Answer 17

circumferential fencing

• To give the greatest protection, these barriers should restrict entry to the pool from the yard and residence, use self-closing and self-latching gates, be at least 5 ft high, and have no vertical openings more than 4 in wide.

Question 18

Injuries to children and adolescents involving firearms occur in 3 different situations. What are they?

Answer 18

unintentional injury
suicide attempt
assault

Question 19

Of all firearms, which pose the greatest risk to children and adolescents.

Answer 19

handguns

In homes with guns, the risk to the occupants is far greater than the chance that the gun will be used against an intruder; for every death occurring in self-defense, there may be 1.3 unintentional deaths, 4.6 homicides, and 37 suicides.