Screening

Question 1

First tender point associated with a postural decompensation

Answer 1

-iliolumbar ligament

Question 2

Lateral 1/3 of neck/acromion

Answer 2

-induce inferior force to evaluate side bending restriction of lower thoracics

Question 3

Middle 1/3 of neck/acromion

Answer 3

-induce inferior force toe valuate side bending restriction of middle thoracics

Question 4

Medial 1/3 of neck/acromion

Answer 4

-induce inferior force to evaluate side bending restriction of upper thoracics

Question 5

Hip drop test screens for

Answer 5

lumbar side bending restrictions

Question 6

Pelvic side-shift test assesses

Answer 6

fascial connection between the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex

Question 7

Straight leg test screens for

Answer 7

lumbar radiculopathies, hip flexion restriction, IT band tension, and tightness of hamstrings

Question 8

Acute tissue texture changes of skin

Answer 8

• warm, moist, red, inflamed

- no trophic changes

Question 9

Chronic tissue texture changes of skin

Answer 9

• cool, pale, increased SNS tone

- trophic changes: dry, scaly, cold, pale, shiny, hairless, pimples, folliculitis

Question 10

Tone

Answer 10

• normal feel of muscle in the relaxed state

- contrast with hypertonicity or hypotonicity

Question 11

Contraction

Answer 11

-normal tone of a muscle when it shortens or is activated against resistance

Question 12

Contracture

Answer 12

• abnormal shortening of a muscle due to fibrosis
• most often in the tissue itself, often result of chronic condition
• muscle is no longer able to reach its full normal length

Question 13

Spasm

Answer 13

• abnormal contraction maintained beyond physiologic need.
• most often sudden and involuntary muscular contraction that results in abnormal motion and is usually accompanied by pain and restriction of normal function

Question 14

Bogginess

Answer 14

• increased fluid in a hypertonic muscle

- similar to a wet sponge

Question 15

Ropiness

Answer 15

• hard, firm, rope-like or cord-like muscle tone

- usually indicates a chronic condition

Question 16

Acute tissue texture changes of tissues

Answer 16

-boggy edema, acute congestion, fluids in area of damage drawn by chemical reactions

Question 17

Chronic tissue texture changes of tissue

Answer 17

chronic congestion, doughy, stringy, fibrotic, ropy, thickened, contractures

Question 18

Vascular acute tissue texture changes

Answer 18

-inflammation, vessel wall injury, endogenous peptide release

Question 19

Vascular chronic tissue texture changes

Answer 19

-sympathetic tone increases vascular constriction

Question 20

Sympathetic acute tissue texture changes

Answer 20

-SNS activity, but local vasoconstriction overpowered by local chemical release, net effect is vasodilation

Question 21

Sympathetic chronic tissue texture changes

Answer 21

-vasoconstriction, hyper sympathetic tone, may be regional

Question 22

acute muscular tissue texture changes

Answer 22

-local increase in muscular tone, muscle contraction, spasm, increased tone of muscle spindle

Question 23

Chronic muscular tissue texture changes

Answer 23

-decreased muscle tone, flaccid, mushy, limited ROM due to contractors

Question 24

Acute mobility changes

Answer 24

-ROM is usually sluggish, may be guarding

Question 25

Chronic mobility changes

Answer 25

-limited range of motion, but motion itself feels normal

Question 26

acute pain

Answer 26

-sharp, severe, cutting

Question 27

chronic pain

Answer 27

-dull, ache, paresthesias (tingling, burning, gnawing, itching)