Scoring Sleep Flashcards
N1 termination rules
> transition to N2, N3, REM
An arousal
N2 termination rules
> transition to N3 and REM
An arousal
N3 Termination rules
> transition to N2, REM
An arousal
REM termination
> transition to N2
An arousal w/ cEMG movement
Awake and alert frequency
13-30Hz
Low random, fast
Drowsy/ awake eyes closed Hz
8-13 Hz
Alpha waves
N1 Hz
4-7 Hz
Theta
N2 charactistics
Sleep spindle 12-14 commonly
K complex
Central channel
N3 Hz
0.5-4 Hz
Delta waves
REM characteristics
Random, fast, sawtooth waves
Conjugate, irregular, sharply peaked rapid eye movements
% of time in N1
4-5%
% of time in N2
45-55%
% of time in N3
16-21%
% of time in REM
20-25%
What happens to the body in N1
Light sleep, muscle tone decrease, occasional muscle twitch
What happens to the body in N2
Breathing and heart rate slows, slights decrease in body temp
What happens to the body in N3
Deep sleep begins, breathing is rhythmic
What happens during REM
Rapid eye movements, absence of muscle tone, breathing and heart rate are erratic
Slow waves freq.
.5-2.0Hz
Peak to peak amplitude of greater than 75 microcolts
Delta waves freq.
O-3.99Hz
Theta freq.
4-7.99 Hz
Alpha freq.
8-13Hz
Synonym for alpha rhythm
Posterior Dominant Rhythm
What are vertical eye movements?
Freq.
Eye blinks
.5-2.00Hz
What do reading eye movements look like?
Slow phase followed by rapid phase
Rapid eye movements
<500 milliseconds
Slow eye movements
> 500 milliseconds
Alpha is seen in what region?
Occipital
What percentage of people don’t show alpha rhythm? How do you score their stage 1?
10%
1Hz less than baseline
☆ SL can be shorter for people who don’t show alpha
Beta waves freq.
13+
What percentage of people generate a limited amount of alpha?
10%
What eye movements are associated with stage W?
- eye blinks
-REM ( with high chin emg tone)
-reading eye movements
When can slow eye movements be seen?
-Eyes closed W
-N1
What EEG frequency is associated with N1?
LAMF (4-7Hz)
What is a Vertex sharp wave?
K-complex, but less than 0.5 sec and seen over central region
What is sleep onset?
Forst stage of sleep scored as anything other than W
How do you score N1 if someone generates alpha?
If alpha stops and and replaced by 50% of LAMF
If they do NOT generate alpha, how do you score N1?
Any of the following
-EEG activity range of 4-7 w/ slowing of background freq. Of greater than or equal to 1hz from stage W
-V- waves
- slow eye movements
K- Complex
Negative followed by positive component
Seen in frontal
When is a K- complex associated with an arousal?
Within no more than 1 second of termination
Sleep spindle
Distinct sinusoidal waves 11-16 Hz
Commonly 12-14Hz
Where is a slow wave seen?
Frontal region
Can spindles be seen in any other sleep stage than 2?
It’s not common, but it may happen in N3
What type of slow waves aren’t included in scoring N3?
●metabolic encephalopathies
●epileptic
●epileptiform activity
●non-cerebral origin
What does sawtooth waves look like?
Contoured, triangular, often seated 2-6Hz
Over central region
Usually preceeding REM burst
How to score major body movement if it interrupts REM sleep?
Continue in R, unless alpha or SEM is seen
