Scleritis Flashcards
What is scleritis?
It is defined as a condition in which there is full-thickness inflammation of the sclera
What five risk factors are associated with scleritis?
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Sarcoidosis
What is the main risk factor associated with scleritis?
Rheumatoid Arthritis
What are the seven clinical features of scleritis?
Severe Eye Pain
Eye Erythema
Eye Watering
Photophobia
Decreased Visual Acuity
Light Reflex Loss
Immobile Dilated Episcleral Vessels
Describe the eye pain associated with scleritis
It tends to be worse on movement
Describe the eye erythema associated with scleritis
It tends to be diffuse
What investigation is used to diagnose scleritis?
Phenylephrine Eye Drop Test
How is the phenylephrine eye drop test used to diagnose scleritis?
It is the investigation used to differentiate between scleritis and episcleritis
What is the mechanism of action of phenylephrine eye drops?
They blanch conjunctival and episcleral vessels - however not scleral vessels
What phenylephrine eye drop test reuslt indicates scleritis?
The eye erythema is unaffected
What is the most appropriate next step in suspected cases of scleritis?
Same-day ophthalmology referral
What are the three pharmacological management options of scleritis?
Oral NSAIDs
Oral Corticosteroids
Immunosuppressants
When are oral NSAIDs used to manage scleritis?
They are the first line pharmacological management option of mild to moderate scleritis
Name two NSAIDs used to manage scleritis
Ibuprofen
Naproxen
When are oral corticosteroids used to manage scleritis?
They are the first line pharmacological management option of severe scleritis
