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Year Two - Ophthalmology > Conjunctivitis > Flashcards

Conjunctivitis Flashcards

1
Q

What is another term for conjunctivitis?

A

Pink eye

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2
Q

What is conjunctivitis?

A

It is defined as a condition in which there is inflammation of the conjunctiva, which is the external layer covering the outer surface of the globe and the inner surface of the eyelids

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3
Q

What are the three classifications of conjunctivitis?

A

Viral Conjunctivitis

Bacterial Conjunctivitis

Allergic Conjunctivitis

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4
Q

What is the most common classification of conjunctivitis?

A

Viral Conjunctivitis

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5
Q

What is viral conjunctivitis?

A

It is defined as conjunctivitis related to viral infection

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6
Q

What four causative organisms are associated with viral conjunctivitis?

A

Adenovirus

Herpes Virus

Enterovirus

Coxsackievirus

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7
Q

What is the most common causative organism of viral conjunctivitis?

A

Adenovirus

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8
Q

What is bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

It is defined as conjunctivitis related to bacterial infection

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9
Q

What five causative organisms are associated with bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Staphylococcus

Streptococcus

Haemophilus

Chlamydia Trachomatis

Neisseria Gonorrhoea

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10
Q

What is allergic conjunctivitis?

A

It is defined as conjunctivitis secondary to a type I hypersensitivity reaction

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11
Q

What two risk factors are associated with conjunctivitis?

A

Direct Contamination Contact

Atopic Conditions

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12
Q

Is viral conjunctivitis unilateral or bilateral?

A

Bilateral

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13
Q

What are the four clinical features of viral conjunctivitis?

A

Eye Erythema

Serous Eye Discharge

Upper Respiratory Tract Infection Features

Preauricular Lymphadenopathy

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14
Q

Is bacterial conjunctivitis unilateral or bilateral?

A

Unilateral

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15
Q

What are the two clinical features of bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Eye Erythema

Sticky Purulent Eye Discharge

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16
Q

When do clincial features of bacterial conjunctivitis tend to be worse?

A

Mornings

17
Q

Is allergic conjunctivitis unilateral or bilateral?

A

Bilateral

18
Q

What are the five clinical features of allergic conjunctivitis?

A

Eye Erythema

Serous Eye Discharge

Eye Itching

Eyelid Papillae

Chemosis

19
Q

What is papillae?

A

It is defined as a cobblestone appearance of the eyelid

20
Q

What is chemosis?

A

It is defined as conjunctival swelling

21
Q

When do clincial features of allergic conjunctivitis tend to present?

A

There tends to be seasonal variation

22
Q

What is the conservative management option of viral/bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

It involves advising individuals that viral conjunctivitis is a self-limiting disease which should resolve within 1 – 2 weeks

In addition, we advise individuals on good hygiene in order to avoid spreading, such avoiding sharing towels, avoiding rubbing eyes, washing hands regularly and avoiding contact lens use

23
Q

What is the pharmacological management option of bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Topical Antibiotics

24
Q

When are topical antibiotics used to manage bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

It is recommended in cases of severe/atypical bacterial conjunctivitis

25
Q

Name two topical antibiotics used to manage bacterial conjunctivitis

A

Chloramphenicol

Fusidic acid

26
Q

What is the first line topical antibiotic used to manage bacterial conjunctivitis? What dose is administered?

A

Chloramphenicol

Drops = 2 - 3 hourly

Ointment = four times daily

27
Q

When is the second line topical antibiotic used to manage bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Pregnant Women

28
Q

What is the second line topical antibiotic usually recommended to manage bacterial conjunctivitis? What dose is administered?

A

Fusidic Acid

Drops/Ointment = four times daily

29
Q

What are the two pharmacological management options of allergic conjunctivitis?

A

Antihistamines

Mast-Cell Stabilisers

30
Q

When are antihistamines used to manage allergic conjunctivitis?

A

They are the first line management option

31
Q

Name three antihistamines used to manage allergic conjunctivitis

A

Cetirizine

Chlorphenamine

Loratadine

32
Q

When are mast-cell stabilisers used to manage allergic conjunctivitis?

A

They are the second line management option

33
Q

Name two mast-cell stabilisers used to manage allergic conjunctivitis

A

Sodium Cromoglicate

Nedocromil

Year Two - Ophthalmology (12 decks)

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