sclera/ episclera

Question 1

What are the signs and symptoms of simple episcleritis

Answer 1

Diffuse redness, superficial vessels,
Mild discomfort, grittiness

Question 2

Signs and symptoms of modular episcleritis

Answer 2

Localised nodule of redness, defined vessels - monitor as can develop into scleritis
May complain of tenderness

Question 3

What are the signs and symptoms of diffuse scleritis

Answer 3

Bilateral deep red purple colour, much more sever pain than episcleritis

Question 4

Necrotising scleritis

Answer 4

Blueish grey discolouration from sclera thinning
If inflammation there will be pain and redness

Question 5

What is the management of episcleritis

Answer 5

Cold compress self resolving artificial tears

Question 6

Management of scleritis

Answer 6

Urgent referral will receive oral steroids and lubrication if sclera thinning causes perforation graft may be required

Question 7

What is posterior scleritis

Answer 7

Affects posterior portion of the sclera causes thickening and can cause choroidal folds and Exudative detachment

Question 8

What systemic conditions lead to scleritis

Answer 8

Lupus
Rheumatoid arthritis