Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Scientists Discoveries > Flashcards

Scientists Discoveries Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What did John Dalton Discover?

A
  • The properties of hydrogen and oxygen are very different than the properties of water
  • The atom
  • The atomic theory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What did J.J. Thomson discover?

A
  • Discovered the electron
  • Proved Dalton’s model of the atom to be false (atoms CAN be divided into smaller particles)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What did Ernest Rutherford discover?

A
  • Discovered the nucleus and its positive charges as a result of the gold foil experiment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What did Niels Bohr discover?

A
  • Discovered electrons exist in energy shells/levels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many elements were on Medeleev’s periodic table?

A

60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How many elements were on Moseley’s periodic table?

A

118

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How did Mendeleev arrange the elements on his periodic table?

A

In order of increasing atomic mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How did Moseley arrange the elements on his periodic table?

A

In order of increasing atomic number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Is the period the horizontal row or the vertical column?

A

The horizontal row

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Is the group the horizontal row or the vertical column?

A

The vertical column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How many periods are there on the periodic table?

A

7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many groups are there on the periodic table?

A

18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Would elements in the same group or period have more physical or chemical properties in common?

A

Elements in the same group would have more similar chemical properties because they would all have the same number of valence electrons. However, elements in the same period have the same number of energy levels, so they would have more similar physical properties.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where are electrons (e-) located?

A

The energy shell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where are protons (p+) located?

A

In the nucleus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where are neutrons (n0) located?

A

In the nucleus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

True or false: The number of neutrons = the atomic mass - the atomic number.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a valence electron?

A

An electron that exists on the outer energy shell of an atom.

19
Q

Where are the alkali metals located?

A

In group 1 (except for hydrogen)

20
Q

Where are the alkaline earth metals located?

A

In group 2

21
Q

Where are the halogens located?

A

In group 17.

22
Q

Where are the noble gases located?

A

Group 18

23
Q

Where are the transition metals located?

A

Groups 3-12

24
Q

What are the properties of alkali metals?

A
  • Low melting points
  • Soft enough to be cut with a knife
  • Highly reactive
25
Q

What are the properties of the alkaline earth metals?

A
  • Highly reactive but less reactive than the alkali metals
  • Will burn in air if heated
  • Produce bright-coloured flames
26
Q

What are the properties of halogens?

A
  • Highly reactive
  • Extremely corrosive
  • Melting point increases as you move from TOP to BOTTOM
  • Fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a liquid, iodine is a solid
27
Q

What are the properties of noble gases?

A
  • Odourless, colourless gases
  • Non-reactive elements (stable)
28
Q

What are the properties of metalloids?

A

Has some properties of metals and some properties of non-metals.

29
Q

What are the colour properties of metals and non-metals?

A

METALS: grey, dull colours, silver
NON-METALS: various colours

30
Q

What are the state properties of metals and non-metals? (at room temp.)

A

METALS: solid (except for mercury (Hg))
NON-METALS: mainly gases, few solids, 1 liquid

31
Q

What are the lustre properties of metals and non-metals?

A

METALS: shiny
NON-METALS: dull

32
Q

What are the conductivity properties of metals and non-metals?

A

METALS: conduct electricity
NON-METALS: poor conductors

33
Q

What are the malleability properties of metals and non-metals?

A

METALS: malleable
NON-METALS: non-malleable

34
Q

What are the ductility properties of metals and non-metals?

A

METALS: ductile
NON-METALS: non-ductile

35
Q

What is the chemical formula?

A

The different elements the compound is composed of.

36
Q

what is the number beside O called in 02? / What’s the little number placed down and to the right of element symbols?

A

The subscript.

37
Q

what’s the number at the beginning of a compound?

A

The coefficient.

38
Q

what is NH3?

A

Ammonia

39
Q

what is 02?

A

Oxygen

40
Q

what is O3?

A

Ozone

41
Q

True or false: the protons and neutrons are in the same place in an atom?

A

True

42
Q

REMEMBER: The protons and Neutrons are IN the nucleus, so the nucleus is the (typically) dotted line surrounding the protons and neutrons.

A

Yes sir

43
Q

What is the calculation for the number of neutrons?

A

Atomic mass - Atomic number

Science (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions