Scientists

Question 1

Louis Pasteur

Answer 1

-father of microbiology
-professor of chem in France
-proposed principle of fermentation for preservation of food
- microbiology is study Of living organism of microscopic size
-term vaccine in 1844-57
-various nutrients and medium to grow micro Organism ,suitable growth medium and optimal condition is required for their growth
-liquid media concept and used nutrient media
-sterilization techniques,
Development of steam sterilizer
Autoclave
Hot air oven
-used cotton wool plug for protecting active media
-exp. Evidence of fermentation and proliferation are effects of microbes
-technique of pasterusation of milk
-anthrax caused by bacteria
-prevent chicken cholera by injection of live attenuated culture
-Cultured staphylococcus in liquid medium and produced abscess by innoculating them into rabbits
-1881,vaccine for anthrax,pneumococci 1st observed
-1885,vaccine for prevention of rabbies
-died in 1895,body in pasteur institute of Paris
-founder of pasteur institute
-

Question 2

Joseph lister

Answer 2

-father of antiseptic surgery
-antiseptic techniques in surgery
-1st used antiseptic,carbolic acid
-reduced Surgical mortality by spraying carbolic acid on Surgical instruments, wounds, and dressings

Question 3

Robert koch

Answer 3

-father of bacteriology
-bacteriological techniques and methods for pure strains of bacteria
-1876,anthrax bacilli isolated from pure culture
-method of obtaining bacteria using solid media in pure cultures
-method of making smear On glass slide and also staining techniques in 1877
-develop pourplate method
-hanging drop method for detection of motility
-discovered anthrax bacillus,tubercle bacillus, cholera vibrios
-discover tuberculin (vaccine for TB)
-awarded noble prize in medicine for his work on TB in 1905

Question 4

Koch phenomenom

Question 5

Koch postulates

Question 6

Paul ehrlich

Answer 6

-father of chemotherapy
-applied stains to cells and tissues for study Of their function
-acid fast nature of tubercle bacillus
-sidechain theory of antibody production
-salvarsan, arsenic comp called magic bullet
Capable of destroying spirocate of syphilis with only moderate toxic effects
-later neoselvarsan
-created a new branch of medicine known as chemotherapy
-methods of standardising toxins and antitoxins

Question 7

Alexander fleming

Answer 7

-discovered penicillin,produced by a mould
Inhibit the growth of different organisms
-antibiotic either kill or Inhibit the growth

Question 8

Edward jenner

Answer 8

-modern method of vaccination to prevent small pox
-milk maid contacted to cowpox or vaccinia while milking subsequently immune to smallpox

Question 9

Anton van leewenhock

Answer 9

-Expert in grinding of simple magnifying lenses
-construct microscope with single lens, best of lenses magnified about 200 times
-1st to accurately describes different shapes of bacteria
-named smaller organisms as animal cules