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STS [PRELIMS] > Scientific Revolution Throughout the History of Mankind > Flashcards

Scientific Revolution Throughout the History of Mankind Flashcards

1
Q

makes difficult and complicated tasks easier

A

The Emergence of Technology

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2
Q

the remarkable and sudden emergence of language, consciousness, and culture in our species

A

Human Revolution

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3
Q

historians call the early period of human history the Stone Age.

A

The Human Origins (6 to 2 MYA)

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4
Q

Referred to as the Old Stone Age

A

Paleolithic Age (2.5 MYA to 8000 BC)

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4
Q

first humans emerged from?

A

Africa

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5
Q

heavy on protein and low in carbs

two-thirds of the energy was derived from animal sources.

A

Paleo Diet (Caveman Diet)

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6
Q

people made devices from a hard stone (hard, sedimentary crystalline form of the mineral quartz)

A

Flint

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7
Q

made killing large animals easier.

A

Spears, Bows, and Arrows

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8
Q

Paleolithic people used these for clothing and shelter

A

animal hides (skin)

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9
Q

learned to make their own shelters.

A

Paleolithic Age (2.5 MYA to 8000 BC)

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10
Q

First use of Fire by Humans

A

Paleolithic Age (2.5 MYA to 8000 BC)

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11
Q

First Agricultural Revolution

A

Neolithic Period (10,200 BC ending bet. 4500 & 2000 BC)

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12
Q

development of human technology

A

Neolithic Period (10,200 BC ending bet. 4500 & 2000 BC)

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13
Q

Sumerian Civilization (4500 BC to 1900 BC) CUISWT

A

Cuneiform - handwriting
Uruk City
Irrigation and Dikes
Sailboats
Wheel
The Plow

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13
Q

emergence of science and technology on diverse usage.

A

Rise of Ancient Civilizations

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14
Q

Egyptian Civilization (3100 BC to 332 BC) PIHCW

A

Paper or Papyrus
Ink
Hieroglyphics
Cosmetics and Wig
Water Clock/Clepsydra

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15
Q

Chinese Civilization (1600 BC to 221 BC) STGG

A

Silk
Tea Production
Great Wall of China
Gunpowder

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16
Q

Greek Civilization (800 BC to 140 BC) AW

A

Alarm Clock
Water Mill

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16
Q

Roman Civilization (753 BC to 476 AD) NBRR

A

Newspaper
Bound Books or Codex
Roman Architecture
Roman Numerals

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17
Q

The Middle “Dark” Ages (476 AD to 1400s) PMTW

A

Printing Press
Microscope
Telescope
War Weapons

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18
Q

term for Western Europe during the Postclassical Era

A

Middle Ages

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19
Q

Referred to as Dark Ages

A

The Middle “Dark” Ages (476 AD to 1400s)

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20
Q

Western Europe, but later included America.

A

The West

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21
Q

The Middle “Dark” Ages Problems
LWLLS

A

lack of a centralized government
widespread diseases (plagues)
long religious wars
little to no access to education
slow technological or cultural development

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22
Q

regarded as the bridge between the Middle Ages and Modern History

A

The Renaissance (14th to 17th Century)

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22
Q

The Renaissance started as a cultural movement in?

A

Italy (later spread towards the rest of Europe)

23
Q

introduction of inventions that made the life of people easier.

A

Modern History and the Industrial Revolution (1700s to 1900s)

24
Q

Inventor of Cotton Gin

A

Eli Whitney

25
Q

the process of extracting coal from the ground.

A

Coal Mining

25
Q

Inventor of Steam Engine (1775)

A

James Watt

26
Q

Invention of Machine Tools SCM

A

Screw Cutting Lathe
Cylinder Boring Machine
Milling Machine

27
Q

Inventor of Sulphuric Acid (1746)

A

Englishman John Roebuck

28
Q

took world leadership in the chemical industry.

A

Germany

29
Q

Inventor of Cement (1824)

A

Joseph Aspdin

30
Q

Inventor of Rotherham Plough (1730)

A

Joseph Foljambe

31
Q

Inventor of Threshing Machine (1784)

A

Andrew Meikle

32
Q

Inventor of Tin Can (1810)

A

Peter Durand (British Merchant)

33
Q

an incalculable impact on food preservation and transportation until this day.

A

Tin Can (1810)

34
Q

Pioneered the first Commercial Canning Factory in England (1813)

A

John Hall and Bryan Dorkin

35
Q

was used in mass transportation.

A

Internal Combustion Engine (1858)

36
Q

Inventor of Internal Combustion Engine (1858)

A

Jean Lenoir

37
Q

Inventors of Electricity

A

Benjamin Franklin
Alessandro Volta
Michael Faraday

38
Q

Inventor of Automobile

A

Henry Ford

39
Q

one of the most imperative inventors of the Industrial Revolution.

A

Henry Ford

40
Q

Inventor of Camera (1814)

A

Joseph Nicéphore Niépce

41
Q

Inventor of Telephone (1876)

A

Alexander Graham Bell

42
Q

Inventor of Phonograph (1877)

A

Thomas Edison

43
Q

Inventors of the First Airplane (1903)

A

Brothers Orville & Wilbur Wright

44
Q

The Rise of the Human Empire

A

The Anthropocene (Present)

45
Q

scientists in the Soviet Union appear to have used the term

A

Anthropocene

46
Q

atmospheric chemist who widely popularized the term Anthropocene in 2000.

A

Paul J. Crutzen

47
Q

Issues that have identified the Anthropocene NFCGGPCUG6T

A

Nuclear Weapons
Fossil Fuels
Carbon Emissions
Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Gas
Global Carbon Emissions from Fossil Fuels (1900-2014)
Plastic Use
Changed Geology
Use of Fertilizers
Global Warming
6th Mass Extinction
The Dark Side of Technology

48
Q

WHEN was the first nuclear weapon detonated?

A

16 July 1945

49
Q

WHERE was the first nuclear weapon detonated?

A

New Mexico

50
Q

warfares have left their mark on geology.

A

Nuclear Weapons

51
Q

burning these marks the Anthropocene age.

A

Fossil Fuels

52
Q

initially developed in the 1900s, have grown rapidly since the 1950s, and we now produce 500 million tons a year.

A

Plastic Use

53
Q

disrupting how layers of rock are laid down, which will be detectable thousands of years in the future.

A

Changed Geology

54
Q

our attempts to feed an increasing population will leave clear indicators.

A

Use of Fertilizers

55
Q

unusually rapid increase in Earth’s average surface temperature over the past century primarily due to the greenhouse gasses released as people burn fossil fuels.

A

Global Warming

56
Q

sparked by massive global changes mark the Anthropocene period.

A

6th Mass Extinction

57
Q

the unanticipated uses of technology and science threaten to turn happy futuristic dreams into nightmares.

A

The Dark Side of Technology

58
Q

Refers to troubling and unnerving possibilities of technology as WILDCARDS

A

Michio Kaku

59
Q

most recent geological period

A

Quaternary

STS [PRELIMS] (6 decks)

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