Scientific Revolution

Question 1

Define Scientific Revolution

Answer 1

CHANGE in the way people though about the natural world around them.

Question 2

What time did the Scientific Revolution take place?

Answer 2

1500’s & 1600’s

Question 3

What previous challenges of tradition may have helped bring about a new way of looking at the world?

Answer 3

• Reformation: questioning Church’s authority
• Exploration: of new lands
• Renaissance Spirit
• New Observation led to questioning old beliefs

Question 4

Where did scientific knowledge come from?

Answer 4

• 1. Relied on knowledge from Greeks & Romans (e.g. Aristotle, Ptolemy).
• 2. Church
• 3. Potion, Spells, Magic
     Examples: What were some of the cures for Black Death?
     (just think about it)

Question 5

Who created the microscope?

Answer 5

Leeuwenhoek

Question 6

Who created the barometers?

Answer 6

Torricelli

Question 7

Who created the thermometer?

Answer 7

Celsius & Fahrenheit

Question 8

Who said: “I think therefore, I am”

Answer 8

Rene Descartes

Question 9

Andreas Vesalius

Answer 9

[Anatomy] first person to dissect people, organs, bones, muscles, made sketches, proved Gulen wrong. Wrote “On the Structre of the Human Body.”

Question 10

Harvey

Answer 10

[Anatomy] discovered blood pumping through heart, recorded path of blood.

Question 11

Edward Jenner

Answer 11

[Anatomy] cures small pox. Researched with animals, used cowpox to cure smallpox

Question 12

Boyle

Answer 12

challegened Aristotle’s 4 elements defined the relationship between pressure and gas, Founder of Modern Chemistry, wrote Boyle’s Law

Question 13

Lavoisier

Answer 13

discovers oxygen

Question 14

René Decartes

Answer 14

developed analytical geometry. “I think , therefore I am.” Believed that everything should be doubted until proven mathematically.

Question 15

Scientific Method

Answer 15

logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas.

• ask a question
• make observations
• form a hypothesis
• experiment
• analyze data

Question 16

• Francis Bacon

Answer 16

English. Criticized medivial scientists for relying on Aristotle’s teachings. Urged scientist to used empiricism- experiment & draw conclusions

Question 17

Ptolemy’s Universe

Answer 17

100 Geocentric Theory was named of Geo, the goddess of the earth
-meant the Earth is the center of the universe)
Church likes this one, rather than Copernicus’, gives purpose to the creation of life, We, Man are the center of the universe.)

Question 18

Copernicus’ Universe

Answer 18

Copernicus was the ‘father of astronomy’ . 1500 Heliocentric Theory

• (Helios = Greek word for the god of the sun, Apollo).
• (Sun is the center of the universe)
• (Doesn’t really make the creation of life or man special.)
• (Made us question our purpose of life.)
• Revealed his theory on his deathbed (scared of negative response, scared of the Church).

Question 19

Galileo Galilei

Answer 19

With his telescope… proved Earth was no he center of the universe. - used a telescope to study atronomy.
Galileo’s endorsement of Copernicus worried the Catholic Church & they called him to the Inquistion. He was put under house arrest for the rest of his life.

Question 20

Johannes Kepler

Answer 20

a brilliant mathematician, proved Copernicus’ finding using mathematical formulas.

Question 21

What did Galileo found with his telescope?

Answer 21

Found :

• Jupiter had 4 moons
• Earth’s moon had a rough surface.
• The planents appeared to orbit the sun.

Question 22

Tycho Brahe

Answer 22

proved & recorded the movements of planets

Question 23

What happened in 1633?

Answer 23

Pope calls Galileo to the Inquisition.
Admit or Die? He calls Galileo to the Inquistion and gives him the option : denounce his ideas or die. Galileo would never be allowed to publish anything again- had to stop his newsletter “Stormy Messenger.”
_ The Pope put Galileo under house arrest, and he died 8 years later , a broken man.

Question 24

1642: Laws of Gravity

Answer 24

#3 For every action, there is an opposite and equal reaction
                      e.g: Newton’s cradle

Question 25

What does gravity mean for the universe?

Answer 25

• Every object in the universe attracts another object
• Universe is balance
• Planets orbit by this force

Question 26

Netwon & God

Answer 26

He liked to view God as the clockmaker for the universe. Was careful of not secluding God from his discovery.

Question 27

Newton’s First Law

Answer 27

• An object tends to stay at rest or in a straight line of motion if no outside force acts upon it. This is called inertia.
• Example, “penny in a cup”.

Question 28

Geocentric Theory

Answer 28

earth- centered view of the universe, put in place by Aristole in the 4th century & Ptolemy in the 2nd century.

• Christianity taught that God had deliberately placed Earth in the center of the universe.

Question 29

Heliocentric Theory

Answer 29

Nicolaus Copernicus stated that the planents orbit the sun, but couldn’t prove why. Copernicus published “On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies.”

Question 30

Isaac Newton

Answer 30

realized that all physical objects were effected by forces, universal gravitation. 1687- “the Mathematicall Priciples of Naturall Philosphy.” If I have seen father than others…. It is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants.”