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Science Vocabulary > Science_Vocab_GP5_Plants > Flashcards

Science_Vocab_GP5_Plants Flashcards

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1
Q

Animalia

A

multi-cellular; ingestive heterotrophs (consume food and digest it within their bodies); feed on plants or animals

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1
Q

Eukaryote

A

organisms whose cells are orgainxed into complex structures by internal membranes and a cytoskeleton; have a membrane bound nucleus which comes from the Greek (karyon meaning good/true); includes animals, plants, fungi and protists.

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1
Q

diagram showing how organisms are related based on shared, derived characteristics such as feather, hair or scales

A

cladogram

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1
Q

a series of chemical reactions in which energy stored in food is converted to a form of energy that the cell can use

A

cellular respiration

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2
Q

cell wall

A

a structure outside the cell membrane of plants, algae, fungi and many types of bacteria (NOT animal cells); it helps support and protect these cells

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2
Q

organelle

A

excnot in bacteria; specialized cell parts inside the cell membrane that perform cell activities necessary for life

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2
Q

organ

A

a structure formed when different types of tissue work together

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2
Q

Cuticle

A

A waxy, protctive layer secreted by cells on the surface of the plant. Shows the loss of water (helps plants to survive on land).

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2
Q

a group of organs that work together to do a certain job.

A

organ system

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3
Q

a structure formed when different types of tissue work together

A

organ

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4
Q

bacteria, some of which cause human diseases, some are beneficial, are present in almost all habitats on Earth

A

Eubacteria

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5
Q

groups of cells that all do the same sort of work.

A

tissue

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6
Q

cell organelles that convert food energy into a form that the cell can use (a process called cellular respiration)

A

mitrochondria

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7
Q

taxonomy

A

arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities also known as classification

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8
Q

prokrayote

A

(pro-before + karon- nut or kernal, referring to the cell nucleus); organisms without a cell nucleus - or any other membrance bound organelles; most are unicellular, but some are multi-cellular. Includes Archaea and Eubacteria

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8
Q

chloroplast

A

green organelles in green plants and algae where the most photosynthesis takes place

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9
Q

taxonomists

A

scientists that identify and name organisms

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9
Q

Vascular Plants

A

have tube-like strutures that carry water, nutrients, and other substances throughout the plant

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10
Q

makes its own food

A

autotrophic

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11
Q

a category into which related organisms are placed

A

taxon (taxa plural)

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12
Q

heterotrophic

A

doesn’t make its own food

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12
Q

Plantae

A

multi-cellular; autotrophic (makes its own food) ; absorb sunlight to make glucose through photosynthesis

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13
Q

Organisms first to grow in new or disturbed areas like lava fields or after a forest fire

A

Pioneer Species

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14
Q

a flexible structure that holds the cells together; forms a boundary between the cell and its environment; it helps control what enters and leaves the cell.

A

cell membrane

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15
Q
  1. All living things are made of one or more cells; 2. The cell is the basic unit of life in which the activites of lif life occur; 3. All cells come from cells that already exist.
A

cell theory

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17
Q

Archaea

A

live in harsh environments (extreme lovers) and may represent the first cells to have evolved

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18
Q

a gelatinlike substance found inside the cell membrane; two thirds is water; also contains many chemicals that are needed by the cell; where the cell’s activities take place

A

cytoplasm

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19
Q

chromosomes

A

located in the nucleus; contains DNA - a chemical that determines which traits an organism will have.

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20
Q

scientists that identify and name organisms

A

taxonomists

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21
Q

arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities also known as classification

A

taxonomy

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23
Q

green organelles in green plants and algae where the most photosynthesis takes place

A

chloroplast

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24
Q

have tube-like strutures that carry water, nutrients, and other substances throughout the plant

A

Vascular Plants

25
Q

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, species

A

hierarchy of life

26
Q

live in harsh environments (extreme lovers) and may represent the first cells to have evolved

A

Archaea

28
Q

binomial nomenclature

A

two word naming system, Genus species – Latin or Greek - Italicized in print - capitalize Genus but not species. Underline when written by hand

28
Q

organisms whose cells are orgainxed into complex structures by internal membranes and a cytoskeleton; have a membrane bound nucleus which comes from the Greek (karyon meaning good/true); includes animals, plants, fungi and protists.

A

Eukaryote

29
Q

a structure outside the cell membrane of plants, algae, fungi and many types of bacteria (NOT animal cells); it helps support and protect these cells

A

cell wall

30
Q

Rhizoid

A

thread-like structures that anchor nonvascular plants.

31
Q

Eukarya

A

Have membrane bound nucleus and organelles - Four Kingdoms: 1. Protista (protozoa, algae, etc.). 2. Fungi (mushroom, yeasts, ?) 3. Plantae (multicellular plants) 4. Animalia (multicellular animals)

32
Q

don’t have tube-like structures and use other ways to move water and substances.

A

Nonvascular Plants

33
Q

A waxy, protctive layer secreted by cells on the surface of the plant. Shows the loss of water (helps plants to survive on land).

A

Cuticle

34
Q

Eubacteria

A

bacteria, some of which cause human diseases, some are beneficial, are present in almost all habitats on Earth

36
Q

Pioneer Species

A

Organisms first to grow in new or disturbed areas like lava fields or after a forest fire

37
Q

cell

A

smallest unit of life in all living things

39
Q

Protista

A

most are unicellular - some are multicellular; some are autotrophic (makes its own food) - others are heterotrophic (consume food)

41
Q

cladogram

A

diagram showing how organisms are related based on shared, derived characteristics such as feather, hair or scales

42
Q

located in the nucleus; contains DNA - a chemical that determines which traits an organism will have.

A

chromosomes

43
Q

tissue

A

groups of cells that all do the same sort of work.

44
Q

dichotomous key

A

used to identify organisms; characteristics given in pairs

45
Q

Nonvascular Plants

A

don’t have tube-like structures and use other ways to move water and substances.

46
Q

stored plant food and in cell walls

A

cellulose

48
Q

(pro-before + karon- nut or kernal, referring to the cell nucleus); organisms without a cell nucleus - or any other membrance bound organelles; most are unicellular, but some are multi-cellular. Includes Archaea and Eubacteria

A

prokrayote

49
Q

cellular respiration

A

a series of chemical reactions in which energy stored in food is converted to a form of energy that the cell can use

50
Q

used to identify organisms; characteristics given in pairs

A

dichotomous key

51
Q

the process by which plants, algae and many types of bacteria convert some energy from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide into food energy and oxygen.

A

photosynthesis

52
Q

cell membrane

A

a flexible structure that holds the cells together; forms a boundary between the cell and its environment; it helps control what enters and leaves the cell.

54
Q

cytoplasm

A

a gelatinlike substance found inside the cell membrane; two thirds is water; also contains many chemicals that are needed by the cell; where the cell’s activities take place

55
Q

taxon (taxa plural)

A

a category into which related organisms are placed

56
Q

multi-cellular; ingestive heterotrophs (consume food and digest it within their bodies); feed on plants or animals

A

Animalia

57
Q

thread-like structures that anchor nonvascular plants.

A

Rhizoid

58
Q

hierarchy of life

A

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, species

61
Q

excnot in bacteria; specialized cell parts inside the cell membrane that perform cell activities necessary for life

A

organelle

63
Q

smallest unit of life in all living things

A

cell

64
Q

fungi

A

multi-cellular except yeast; absorptive heterotrophs (digest food outside their bodies, then absorb it); cell walls made of chitin

65
Q

organ system

A

a group of organs that work together to do a certain job.

66
Q

cellulose

A

stored plant food and in cell walls

67
Q

cell theory

A
  1. All living things are made of one or more cells; 2. The cell is the basic unit of life in which the activites of lif life occur; 3. All cells come from cells that already exist.
67
Q

multi-cellular; autotrophic (makes its own food) ; absorb sunlight to make glucose through photosynthesis

A

Plantae

68
Q

multi-cellular except yeast; absorptive heterotrophs (digest food outside their bodies, then absorb it); cell walls made of chitin

A

fungi

69
Q

two word naming system, Genus species – Latin or Greek - Italicized in print - capitalize Genus but not species. Underline when written by hand

A

binomial nomenclature

70
Q

most are unicellular - some are multicellular; some are autotrophic (makes its own food) - others are heterotrophic (consume food)

A

Protista

71
Q

mitrochondria

A

cell organelles that convert food energy into a form that the cell can use (a process called cellular respiration)

72
Q

photosynthesis

A

the process by which plants, algae and many types of bacteria convert some energy from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide into food energy and oxygen.

73
Q

autotrophic

A

makes its own food

74
Q

nucleus

A

an organelle which contains the hereditary material (chromosomes) of a cell of organisms (other than bacteria); acts as the control center of the cell

75
Q

doesn’t make its own food

A

heterotrophic

77
Q

Have membrane bound nucleus and organelles - Four Kingdoms: 1. Protista (protozoa, algae, etc.). 2. Fungi (mushroom, yeasts, ?) 3. Plantae (multicellular plants) 4. Animalia (multicellular animals)

A

Eukarya

78
Q

an organelle which contains the hereditary material (chromosomes) of a cell of organisms (other than bacteria); acts as the control center of the cell

A

nucleus

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