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Science Vocabulary > Science_Vocab_GP4_Life Science > Flashcards

Science_Vocab_GP4_Life Science Flashcards

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1
Q

makes its own food

A

autotrophic

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2
Q

doesn’t make its own food

A

heterotrophic

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3
Q

cellular respiration

A

a series of chemical reactions in which energy stored in food is converted to a form of energy that the cell can use

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5
Q

arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities also known as classification

A

taxonomy

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5
Q

a flexible structure that holds the cells together; forms a boundary between the cell and its environment; it helps control what enters and leaves the cell.

A

cell membrane

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6
Q

a gelatinlike substance found inside the cell membrane; two thirds is water; also contains many chemicals that are needed by the cell; where the cell’s activities take place

A

cytoplasm

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7
Q

Archaea

A

live in harsh environments (extreme lovers) and may represent the first cells to have evolved

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7
Q

hierarchy of life

A

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, species

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8
Q

a structure outside the cell membrane of plants, algae, fungi and many types of bacteria (NOT animal cells); it helps support and protect these cells

A

cell wall

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9
Q

Eubacteria

A

bacteria, some of which cause human diseases, some are beneficial, are present in almost all habitats on Earth

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9
Q

taxon (taxa plural)

A

a category into which related organisms are placed

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9
Q

heterotrophic

A

doesn’t make its own food

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9
Q

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, species

A

hierarchy of life

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9
Q

excnot in bacteria; specialized cell parts inside the cell membrane that perform cell activities necessary for life

A

organelle

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11
Q

most are unicellular - some are multicellular; some are autotrophic (makes its own food) - others are heterotrophic (consume food)

A

Protista

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12
Q

(pro-before + karon- nut or kernal, referring to the cell nucleus); organisms without a cell nucleus - or any other membrance bound organelles; most are unicellular, but some are multi-cellular. Includes Archaea and Eubacteria

A

prokrayote

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13
Q

chromosomes

A

located in the nucleus; contains DNA - a chemical that determines which traits an organism will have.

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15
Q

multi-cellular; ingestive heterotrophs (consume food and digest it within their bodies); feed on plants or animals

A

Animalia

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16
Q

cytoplasm

A

a gelatinlike substance found inside the cell membrane; two thirds is water; also contains many chemicals that are needed by the cell; where the cell’s activities take place

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17
Q

Animalia

A

multi-cellular; ingestive heterotrophs (consume food and digest it within their bodies); feed on plants or animals

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17
Q

a structure formed when different types of tissue work together

A

organ

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18
Q

Have membrane bound nucleus and organelles - Four Kingdoms: 1. Protista (protozoa, algae, etc.). 2. Fungi (mushroom, yeasts, ?) 3. Plantae (multicellular plants) 4. Animalia (multicellular animals)

A

Eukarya

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19
Q
  1. All living things are made of one or more cells; 2. The cell is the basic unit of life in which the activites of lif life occur; 3. All cells come from cells that already exist.
A

cell theory

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20
Q

autotrophic

A

makes its own food

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20
Q

organelle

A

excnot in bacteria; specialized cell parts inside the cell membrane that perform cell activities necessary for life

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20
Q

bacteria, some of which cause human diseases, some are beneficial, are present in almost all habitats on Earth

A

Eubacteria

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21
Q

cell organelles that convert food energy into a form that the cell can use (a process called cellular respiration)

A

mitrochondria

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22
Q

a category into which related organisms are placed

A

taxon (taxa plural)

22
Q

located in the nucleus; contains DNA - a chemical that determines which traits an organism will have.

A

chromosomes

23
Q

the process by which plants, algae and many types of bacteria convert some energy from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide into food energy and oxygen.

A

photosynthesis

24
Q

two word naming system, Genus species – Latin or Greek - Italicized in print - capitalize Genus but not species. Underline when written by hand

A

binomial nomenclature

25
Q

groups of cells that all do the same sort of work.

A

tissue

26
Q

prokrayote

A

(pro-before + karon- nut or kernal, referring to the cell nucleus); organisms without a cell nucleus - or any other membrance bound organelles; most are unicellular, but some are multi-cellular. Includes Archaea and Eubacteria

28
Q

diagram showing how organisms are related based on shared, derived characteristics such as feather, hair or scales

A

cladogram

29
Q

an organelle which contains the hereditary material (chromosomes) of a cell of organisms (other than bacteria); acts as the control center of the cell

A

nucleus

30
Q

Eukarya

A

Have membrane bound nucleus and organelles - Four Kingdoms: 1. Protista (protozoa, algae, etc.). 2. Fungi (mushroom, yeasts, ?) 3. Plantae (multicellular plants) 4. Animalia (multicellular animals)

32
Q

scientists that identify and name organisms

A

taxonomists

33
Q

binomial nomenclature

A

two word naming system, Genus species – Latin or Greek - Italicized in print - capitalize Genus but not species. Underline when written by hand

34
Q

cell

A

smallest unit of life in all living things

35
Q

a series of chemical reactions in which energy stored in food is converted to a form of energy that the cell can use

A

cellular respiration

36
Q

dichotomous key

A

used to identify organisms; characteristics given in pairs

38
Q

cellulose

A

stored plant food and in cell walls

39
Q

multi-cellular except yeast; absorptive heterotrophs (digest food outside their bodies, then absorb it); cell walls made of chitin

A

fungi

41
Q

Eukaryote

A

organisms whose cells are orgainxed into complex structures by internal membranes and a cytoskeleton; have a membrane bound nucleus which comes from the Greek (karyon meaning good/true); includes animals, plants, fungi and protists.

42
Q

taxonomy

A

arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities also known as classification

43
Q

photosynthesis

A

the process by which plants, algae and many types of bacteria convert some energy from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide into food energy and oxygen.

44
Q

fungi

A

multi-cellular except yeast; absorptive heterotrophs (digest food outside their bodies, then absorb it); cell walls made of chitin

46
Q

tissue

A

groups of cells that all do the same sort of work.

47
Q

live in harsh environments (extreme lovers) and may represent the first cells to have evolved

A

Archaea

48
Q

cell wall

A

a structure outside the cell membrane of plants, algae, fungi and many types of bacteria (NOT animal cells); it helps support and protect these cells

50
Q

chloroplast

A

green organelles in green plants and algae where the most photosynthesis takes place

51
Q

smallest unit of life in all living things

A

cell

52
Q

organ system

A

a group of organs that work together to do a certain job.

53
Q

cell theory

A
  1. All living things are made of one or more cells; 2. The cell is the basic unit of life in which the activites of lif life occur; 3. All cells come from cells that already exist.
54
Q

Protista

A

most are unicellular - some are multicellular; some are autotrophic (makes its own food) - others are heterotrophic (consume food)

56
Q

taxonomists

A

scientists that identify and name organisms

57
Q

cladogram

A

diagram showing how organisms are related based on shared, derived characteristics such as feather, hair or scales

58
Q

nucleus

A

an organelle which contains the hereditary material (chromosomes) of a cell of organisms (other than bacteria); acts as the control center of the cell

59
Q

organ

A

a structure formed when different types of tissue work together

60
Q

used to identify organisms; characteristics given in pairs

A

dichotomous key

61
Q

a group of organs that work together to do a certain job.

A

organ system

62
Q

multi-cellular; autotrophic (makes its own food) ; absorb sunlight to make glucose through photosynthesis

A

Plantae

63
Q

organisms whose cells are orgainxed into complex structures by internal membranes and a cytoskeleton; have a membrane bound nucleus which comes from the Greek (karyon meaning good/true); includes animals, plants, fungi and protists.

A

Eukaryote

64
Q

mitrochondria

A

cell organelles that convert food energy into a form that the cell can use (a process called cellular respiration)

65
Q

Plantae

A

multi-cellular; autotrophic (makes its own food) ; absorb sunlight to make glucose through photosynthesis

66
Q

stored plant food and in cell walls

A

cellulose

67
Q

cell membrane

A

a flexible structure that holds the cells together; forms a boundary between the cell and its environment; it helps control what enters and leaves the cell.

68
Q

green organelles in green plants and algae where the most photosynthesis takes place

A

chloroplast

Science Vocabulary (17 decks)

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