Science Y9 T1 Flashcards
Charged Particle
A particle with an electric charge (ion, electron, proton
Ion
A atom and molecule with a net electric charge
Anion
An ion with a negative charge
Cation
An ion with a positive charge
Electricity
The flow of electrons
Conductor
A material that electricity can easily go through
Insulator
A material that electricity cannot easily go through
Coulomb
A unit of electrical charge
Current
The rate of coulombs flowing in the circuit
Ampere
1 coulomb per second
DC
A type of current where electrons flow in the same direction in a wire
AC
A type of current where electrons flow in multiple directions in a wire
Circuit
A loop of wire which connects an energy source to an energy user
Resistance
The opposition of the flow of current
Ohm, Ω
A way to measure resistance
Voltage
The difference in potential energy across an energy source or circuit component/The force that pushes the electrons
Series Circuit
A circuit in a loop
Parallel Circuit
A circuit with loops being connected up
Ohm’s Law
Volts (Voltage) = Amps (Current) * Ohms (Resistance)
Convection
The transfer of heat through a fluid/gas by molecular movement
Conduction
The transfer of heat by direct contact
Radiation
Energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles
Wave motion
Activity that carries energy from one place to another through a medium without moving any matter
Reflection
When light bounces off an object
Specular Reflection
A type of reflection where light reflects off a smooth and shiny surface and the light reflects at the same angle as it hit the surface
Angle of Incidence
The angle light hits a reflecting surface
Angle of Reflection
The angle at which light bounces off a reflective surface
Diffuse Reflection
A type of reflection where light reflects off a rough surface in many reflections
Absorption
The transfer of light energy into an object
Transmission
When a light ray may pass through an object without being absorbed
Refraction
The bending of light as it passes from one material to another
Series circuit total resistance
R1+R2+R3
1/Parallel circuit total resistance
(1/R1)+(1/R2)+(1/R3)
Wavelength
The distance between the crests of a wave
Amplitude
The maximum extent of a vibration or oscillation
Transitive Wave
A wave where the vibration takes place to a right angle to the source
Longitudinal Wave
A wave where the vibration takes place perpendicular to the source
Frequency (Hz)
Number of waves passing each second
Wave speed (v)
The rate at which a wave covers distance
Calculation for waves (? = ?*?)
𝑉 (𝑚 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑠)=𝑓 (𝐻𝑧)⋅𝜆 (𝑚)
V=f*𝜆
Distance = ?*?
Distance = Speed * Time
Speed of Light (?*10^?)
3.0 * 10^8 meters per second
