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Skool6 > Science Unit 4: Regional Biodiversity > Flashcards

Science Unit 4: Regional Biodiversity Flashcards

1
Q

Define Water Cycle

A

The continuous process by which water moves from Earth’s surface to the atmosphere and back

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2
Q

Define Evaporation

A

When liquid water turns to water vapor as it is heated

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3
Q

Define Precipitation

A

Any form of water that falls to the Earth from the clouds, such as rain and snow

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4
Q

Define Condensation

A

When water molecules in a vapor come together to form liquid water

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5
Q

Define Transpiration

A

The loss of water vapor from trees and plants; adds water to the water cycle

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6
Q

Define & Give Examples Of Climate

A

The general weather patterns in an area over a long period of time
EX. Snowy winters, hot and humid summers, average conditions

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7
Q

Define & Give Examples Of Weather

A

Weather is the day to day changes in temperature and precipitation or the condition of the atmosphere at a certain time and place
EX. Today will be 45 degrees, it rained this morning

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8
Q

Explain How Greenhouse Gases Affect Temperature

A

Greenhouse gases block some heat from leaving the atmosphere, making the Earth warmer

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9
Q

Explain Why The 23.5 Degree Tilt Of The Earth Is Important

A

As the Earth moves in it’s orbit around the sun, the North Pole is always pointing North. Because of the tilt of the Earth’s axis, the Northern Hemisphere points toward the Sun during the summer solstice and it points further away from the sun during the winter solstice. Without the tilt, there would be no seasons.

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10
Q

DC: Name Zones

A

Arid and Semi-Arid

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11
Q

DC: Location Of Zone

A

Semi-Arid is located on the outer edges of the Arid regions. They are called steppes. The Arid zones are located far from water, in rain shadows or places where evaporation

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12
Q

DC: What Is A Rain shadow? What Do They Have To Do With DC?

A

The mountain ranges have caused the area on the windward side of the mountain to drop its precipitation. The area on the leeward side becomes dry and desert-like.

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13
Q

DC: Is There A Pattern To Temperature? Describe

A

Hottest temperature of all regions, nighttime temperatures cooler than daytime temperatures

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14
Q

DC: Describe Effects Of Cloud Cover On Day/Night Temperature

A

Few clouds: Cooler nighttime temperatures
Many clouds: Warmer nighttime temperatures as the rising warm air masses get trapped between the clouds and the land surfaces

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15
Q

DC: TWO Survival Traits Of Animals

A

Estivation and being nocturnal (coming out at night when the sun goes down)

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16
Q

DC: Define And Give Examples Of Steppes

A

Found in dry climate regions in the semiarid zones. Called grasslands or prairies

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17
Q

DC: Define And Give Examples Of Windward

A

The side of a mountain that is located near the ocean and receives a lot of precipitation

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18
Q

DC: Define And Give Examples Of Leeward

A

The side of a mountain that is farther inland gets very little precipitation

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19
Q

DC: Define And Give Examples Of Estivation

A

The process by which animals slow down their body processes and sleep through the HOTTEST AND/OR DRIEST season when food and water are scarce

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20
Q

TCC: Name Zones

A

Humid Continental and Subarctic

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21
Q

TCC: Location Of Zone

A

Only found in the northern hemisphere

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22
Q

TCC: What Factors Influence Climate

A

Prevailing winds and air masses

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23
Q

TCC: Describe How Prevailing Winds Move Across US

A

They move from east to west at about 500 miles a day

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24
Q

TCC: Describe The Type Of Air That A Continental Air Mass Brings

A

A continental air mass brings dry air

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25
Q

TCC: Describe Where Maritime Tropical Air Masses Come From In US

A

They come from over the oceans. In the United States, the Gulf of Mexico is one such source region

26
Q

TCC: Describe What Happened To Most Of The US Grasslands

A

They have been converted to farmland due to their rich soils and flat open spaces

27
Q

Maritime Tropical

A

Moist, warm

28
Q

Continental Tropical

A

Dry, warm

29
Q

Maritime Polar

A

Moist, cool

30
Q

Continental Polar

A

Dry, cool

31
Q

Continental Arctic

A

Dry, extremely cold

32
Q

TMC: Name Zones

A

Marine West Coast, Humid Subtropical, and Mediterranean

33
Q

TMC: Location Of Zone

A

On the coast of continents between 23.5 degrees and 66.5 degree latitudes, and that have just 2 seasons

34
Q

TMC: Describe Vegetation

A

Marine West Coast: Forests of tall coniferous trees (Sitka Spruce, Douglas Fir)
Mediterranean: Chaparral (shrubs and small trees), grasses with few large trees
Humid Subtropical: Oak, ash, hickory, and pine trees

35
Q

TMC: Explain/Describe Factors That Influence Climate In Zone

A

Air masses moving over the ocean bring a lot of moisture to the lands of this region

36
Q

TMC: Explain Seasons That Occur

A

All zones have two seasons: Cool winters and warm summers

37
Q

TRC: Name Zones

A

Tropical Wet and Tropical Wet and Dry

38
Q

TRC: Location Of Zone

A

Near the equator

39
Q

TRC: Describe Precipitation

A

Tropical wet has highest of all zones as they are called rainforests

40
Q

TRC: Describe Temperature

A

18 degrees Celsius or above

41
Q

TRC: Compare And Contrast Zones

A

Tropical wet has one season: wet, while tropical wet and dry has 2 seasons: wet and dry. They are both located in the Earth’s tropical latitude zone

42
Q

TRC: Describe Vegetation

A

Tropical wet: Rich in biodiversity of plant life
Tropical wet and dry: Grassland region that is being converted to plant crops such as corn

43
Q

PC: Name Zones

A

Tundra and Ice Cap

44
Q

PC: Location Of Zones

A

Greenland and Antarctica; near the poles

45
Q

PC: Define Permafrost. Why Is It Important?

A

Permafrost is layers of soil that are always frozen. It is important because it does not allow water to drain through it. This keeps the wetlands across the tundra providing habitats for animals and plants

46
Q

PC: Describe Vegetation

A

Lichen and few low growing plants; no trees

47
Q

PC: Explain Why There Is Little Precipitation

A

Cold air holds little moisture as the air molecules are tightly packed together

48
Q

PC: Describe How Polar Climate Impacts The Climate Of The Entire Globe

A

Water from the polar regions flows toward the equator, therefore the waters from this region flow around the world

49
Q

H: Location Of Zone

A

On tops of high mountains and in areas of high elevation

50
Q

H: Describe Vegetation

A

Vegetation above the tree line has mosses, lichens and low growing plants. Below the tree line there are coniferous trees

51
Q

H: Describe Temperature

A

As altitude increases, temperatures go down; the higher up you go, the colder it gets

52
Q

H: Explain How Air Masses Impact Precipitation

A

Precipitation increases when areas carrying moisture pass over highland areas because as they rise in altitude, they lose their moisture

53
Q

H: Explain How Melting Glaciers On Land Impact Sea Level Rise

A

When glaciers melt on land and the water runs into the oceans, the added water increases the level of the ocean’s waters. When icebergs melt in water, they add little to the level of ocean water as their volumes were already present in the water to begin with

54
Q

H: Explain How Altitude Impacts Temperature

A

As altitude increases, temperature falls

55
Q

Places In Highlands:

A

Plateau of Tibet
Andes Mountains

56
Q

Places In Temperate Continental:

A

Russia
Chicago
Alaska
New Jersey

57
Q

Places In Dry:

A

Sahara Desert
Africa
The Great Plains

58
Q

Places In Temperate Marine:

A

Florida
India
Spain
California
Italy
Ireland

59
Q

Places In Tropical Rainy:

A

Amazon Rainforest
Brazil
Africa

60
Q

Places In Polar:

A

Antarctica
Greenland

Skool6 (11 decks)

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