Science Test: Process of the human body #18 Flashcards
Describe the structures and functions of the respiratory system
Functions: Bring air into your body and remove carbon dioxide and water
Structure: nose, trachea(Windpipe), bronchi, and alveoli
Main organs:Lungs
What is respiration?
the process cells use to break down glucose in order to obtain energy
What is breathing?
the process of taking air into and out of your lungs
How do respiration and breathing work together?
Cellular Respiration requires oxygen and Can not occur without breathing
Describe the process of inhaling
-your rib muscles and diaphragm contract
-the chest moves up and outwards as it it expands
-the air pressure within the lungs lowers so air can move in
Describe the process of exhaling
-Muscles relax and chest lowers
-Pressure in the lungs increases so air is forced out.
Describe the process of gas exchange
-After air enters the alveoli, oxygen will then pass into the capillary walls and into the blood
-At the same time, carbon dioxide and water pass from the blood into the alveoli.
-This maintains correct amounts of each gas in the blood (homeostasis)
Define excretion
the process of removing waste
Describe the structures and functions of the excretory system
-Removes waste products from the body
-Main organs: Kidneys, urinary bladder, urethra, lungs, skin, liver
Why does waste need to be removed from the body?
in order to maintain homeostasis
What are the structures and functions of the kidneys?
-Remove excess water and urea from the blood and sends it to the urinary bladder.
-Nephrons
Define urea
a chemical produced from the breakdown of proteins
Define nephron
small filtering structures that remove wastes from blood and produce urine
What is urine
The excess water and urea that collects in the urinary bladder until it is expelled out of the urethra (peeing)
