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Science: Grade 10 > Science Test: Organ Systems > Flashcards

Science Test: Organ Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Rules when it comes to microscope drawings:

A
  • specimen needs to be centered
  • do not label inside the field of view & do not cross names
  • have a title
  • make sure it is properly proportioned
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2
Q

Why do cells need to divide

A
  • to repair

- to reproduce

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3
Q

cell rule

A
  • basic structure & function of organism
  • cells come from pre-existing cells
  • organisms have 1 or more cells
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4
Q

The stage which cells spend most time in:

A

Interphase

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5
Q

Why do cells spend most time in interphase?

A

Because DNA is being copied & the organelles are being formed

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6
Q

Prophase:

A

DNA coils up Ito double stranded chromosomes

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7
Q

Metaphase

A

Double stranded chromosomes line up along the center (strands are visible)

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8
Q

Anaphase

A

Double stranded chromosomes are pulled away by spindle fibers

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9
Q

Telophase

A

Single stranded chromosomes at each end of the cell

-(cell membrane pinches to split cytoplasm)

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10
Q

Interphase

A

The phase of the cell where most time is spent. Copies DNA here and sets up organelles

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11
Q

What is cancer

A

DNA dividing uncontrollably

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12
Q

What causes cancer

A

Smoking, diet, products, genetics, radiation, viruses

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13
Q

What are carcinogens

A

Things that cause cancer

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14
Q

Define stem cells

A

Cells of the body which can divide and become differentiated. They can take place of cancerous cells

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15
Q

How is the body organized from the smallest cell to an organism:

A

Cells –> tissues –> organs –> organ systems

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16
Q

Role of respiratory : in order

A

Enters nose or mouth

  • pharynx
  • throat
  • trachea
  • bronchi
  • bronchioles –> lungs –> alveoli
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17
Q

What does the resp system do?

A

Takes in oxygen and we let out carbon dioxide as we breath

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18
Q

What happens to alveoli when we breath?

A

Alveoli increase surface area for maximum gas intake

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19
Q

Define diffusion

A

Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

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20
Q

Role of digestive system

A

To absorb nutrients for our body and removes waste

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21
Q

Path that food takes :

A

-mouth –> esophagus –> stomach –> small Intestine –> large intestine –> rectum

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22
Q

Examples of physical digestion

A

Chewing and stomach churning

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23
Q

Chemical digestion examples

A

Stomach acid & enzymes and the small intestine process

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24
Q

Role of liver:

A

Makes bile for small intestine & proteins important for blood clotting.

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25
Q

Role of gall bladder

A

Holds bile produced in the liver until it is needed to digest fatty foods (in the duodenum in small intestine)

26
Q

Interphase

A

The phase of the cell where most time is spent. Copies DNA here and sets up organelles

27
Q

What is cancer

A

DNA dividing uncontrollably

28
Q

What causes cancer

A

Smoking, diet, products, genetics, radiation, viruses

29
Q

What are carcinogens

A

Things that cause cancer

30
Q

Define stem cells

A

Cells of the body which can divide and become differentiated. They can take place of cancerous cells

31
Q

How is the body organized from the smallest cell to an organism:

A

Cells –> tissues –> organs –> organ systems

32
Q

Role of respiratory : in order

A

Enters nose or mouth

  • pharynx
  • throat
  • trachea
  • bronchi
  • bronchioles –> lungs –> alveoli
33
Q

What does the resp system do?

A

Takes in oxygen and we let out carbon dioxide as we breath

34
Q

What happens to alveoli when we breath?

A

Alveoli increase surface area for maximum gas intake

35
Q

Define diffusion

A

Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

36
Q

Role of digestive system

A

To absorb nutrients for our body and removes waste

37
Q

Path that food takes :

A

-mouth –> esophagus –> stomach –> small Intestine –> large intestine –> rectum

38
Q

Examples of physical digestion

A

Chewing and stomach churning

39
Q

Chemical digestion examples

A

Stomach acid & enzymes and the small intestine process

40
Q

Role of liver:

A

Makes bile for small intestine & proteins important for blood clotting.

41
Q

Role of gall bladder

A

Holds bile produced in the liver until it is needed to digest fatty foods (in the duodenum in small intestine)

42
Q

Role of pancreas

A

To regulate blood sugar and create enzymes or digestive juices for the small intestine

43
Q

Role of circulatory system

A

Transports important substances like gas, red blood cells, and platelets

44
Q

Types of cells found in our blood stream

A

Red and white

45
Q

Blood vessels:

A

Are the pathway for blood moving away from the heart

46
Q

Veins:

A

The pathway to the heart

47
Q

Capillaries :

A

Transfer oxygen and other nutrients throughout the blood stream and body

48
Q

Artery clues

A
  • have thicker walls
  • blood under high pressure
  • blood moves all over the body
49
Q

Veins clues:

A

-has valves (no back flow)

50
Q

Pulmonary:

A

Heart to lung , lung to heart

51
Q

Cardiac subsystem:

A

Removed waste blood

52
Q

Systemic:

A

to heart , to all body cells , to heart

53
Q

Typical heart rate is:

A

72 bbm

54
Q

Things that change normal heart rate:

A

Stress (up), dehydration, exercise, relaxation (down)

55
Q

Systolic blood pressure:

A

The amount of pressure in your arteries when your heart beats.

56
Q

Diastolic blood pressure:

A

Your blood pressure when your heart muscle is in between beats

57
Q

Organ system tissues:

A

Epithelial tissue, connective tissue, nervous tissue, muscular tissue

58
Q

Epithelial tissue:

A

The Protective tissue

59
Q

Connective tissue:

A
  • To transport materials
  • holds things together
  • (tissue between bones, cartilage, and arteries)
60
Q

Nervous system:

A

Transmits signals from the brain to other parts of the body

61
Q

Muscular tissue:

A

-allows movement (eg: esophagus, stomach)

Science: Grade 10 (4 decks)

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