science test gr8 water Flashcards
substances that dissolve in water
table salt, sugar, carbon dioxide, and oxygen
Water in the body helps to transport substances to all the tissues and organs. Water is an important solvent in which essential chemical reactions can take place. Water also keeps us cool: as sweat evaporates, it transfers thermal energy away from the body.
particle theory
all matter is made up of particles
particles have empty spaces between them
particles are moving randomly at all times
particles move faster and spread farther apart when heated
particles attract eachother
3 states of water and what they look like
gas- particles are spaced farther apart, have lots of energy, and move quickly in all directions
solid- clumped closer together, cannot move around, but they can vibrate
liquid- fairly spaced apart, particles vibrate faster and are free
to move around each other in all directions
what is the water cycle
a continuous pattern in nature in which water moves as it changes state above, on, and below the surface of earth
melting
the change of state from a
solid to a liquid; occurs when a solid
gains thermal energy
sublimation
the change of state from
a solid to a gas without fi rst becoming
a liquid; occurs when a solid gains
thermal energy
sustainability
being able to meet
the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs
salinity
a measure of the quantity of
dissolved salt in water
concentration
a measure of the
quantity of dissolved substance
contained per unit volume of solution/the amount of solute in a particular volume
of solution.
desalination
the technology of
removing salt and other minerals
from water
contaminant
an undesirable
substance in a mixture
fertilizer
a substance used to provide
nutrients to plants, usually for the
purpose of increasing crop production
herbicide
a chemical substance used
to kill or slow the growth of certain
plants; often used to kill weeds that
compete with crop plants
pesticides
a chemical substance used
to kill animal pests; often used to kill
insects that damage crop plants
turbid
not clear; containing tiny
specks of sediment or other solid
matter
thermal pollution
artificially
raising the temperature (for example,
of water)
sewer system
a network of pipes
that transports dirty or used water
blackwater
water that contains feces
and urine; also called “sewage”
greywater
water that has been used
for cooking, laundry, bathing, or
similar tasks
wastewater
water that has been
used or contaminated by human
activity; blackwater and greywater
storm water runoff
water, usually
from precipitation, that runs off roofs,
lawns, and paved areas
water treatment
the process of
removing potentially dangerous
substances from water to make
it more acceptable for a desired
end-use
deposition
the change of state from
a gas to a solid; occurs when a gas
loses thermal energy
freezing
the change of state from a
liquid to a solid; occurs when a liquid
loses thermal energy
aquifer
a geological formation of
loose rock or soil that is saturated
with groundwater
