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Science > Science Test 4 - Physics > Flashcards

Science Test 4 - Physics Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two types of waves?

A

Mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves.

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2
Q

What are mechanical waves + example?

A

Require a medium, e.g. waterwaves, soundwaves.

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3
Q

What is the wavelength?

A

The distance between any two identical points on a wave?

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4
Q

What is the acronym for the electromagnetic spectrum?

A

Red monkeys in vans use x-ray glasses.

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5
Q

What are transverse waves?

A

The particles vibrate perpendicular to the direction of energy (Up and down).

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6
Q

What are longitudinal waves?

A

The particles vibrate in the same direction as enery movement (side to side).

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7
Q

What is the amplitude?

A

The maximum distance from the midpoint of the wave.

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8
Q

What are all the types of waves in the electromagnetic spectrum?

A

Radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultra violet, x-ray, gamma waves.

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9
Q

What is a vaccuum?

A

An area with no particles.

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10
Q

What is a medium?

A

A medium is the thing that a wave travels through.

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11
Q

If the particles aren’t moving in the wave, then what are they doing?

A

The particles move up or down or side to side.

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12
Q

What are electromagnetic waves+example/?

A

Do not require a medium, e.g. lightwaves.

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13
Q

Do shorter wavelengths have lower or higher frequencies?

A

HIgher frequencies.

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14
Q

What happens if an object is translucent?

A

Only some of the light will be transmitted

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15
Q

What happens if an object is transparent?

A

The light will mostly be transmitted through the object.

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16
Q

What do waves transport and not transport?

A

Waves transport energy, but they do not transfer the matter/particles.

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17
Q

Where do waves come from?

A

All waves come from vibrations.

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18
Q

Increased amplitude = …
Decreased amplitude = … (in light waves)

A

Brighter
Darker/Dimmer

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19
Q

What are electromagnetic waves and do they require a medium?

A

Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves that carry radiation energy, do not require a medium.

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20
Q

What is the frequency?

A

How many waves per second

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21
Q

Luminous

A

Makes their own light

22
Q

What happens if an object is opaque?

A

No light can be transmitted.

23
Q

Diverge + example

A

Light rays can diverge, meaning spread out e.g. flashlight

24
Q

Non-luminous

A

Objects are only seen by the lights they reflect

25
Q

When does reflection occur?

A

When light hits a smooth surface

26
Q

What happens when an object absorbs light energy?

A

It is transformed into heat energy. Therefore, the more light energy absorbed the hotter an object gets.

27
Q

What is the slowest thing light travels in?

A

Diamond (Most dense)

28
Q

When does diffuse reflection occur?

A

When light rays hits a rough surface

29
Q

Does light travel faster in a more or less dense medium?

A

Less dense

30
Q

What are waves?

A

Waves are the movement of energy which is caused by vibration.

31
Q

What is the law of reflection?

A

A light ray coming in will always be reflected at the same angle on the other side.

32
Q

Converge

A

Light rays can converge, meaning come together e.g. human eye

33
Q

What is the angle of incidence?

A

The angle of which light enters.

34
Q

What do frequency and wavelength effect for light?

A

Colour

35
Q

What is frequency related to in sound waves?

A

Pitch - Higher frequency, higher pitch of the sound

36
Q

What is the measure for amplitude?

A

Decibels (dB)

37
Q

What does amplitude for light effect?

A

Brightness

38
Q

Any sound waves below human hearing are called …

A

Infrasound

39
Q

What are factors effecting the speed of sound?

A

Quality of material and the temperature of the material

40
Q

When light strikes a boundary the light can be….

A

Reflected, transmitted, absorbed, scattered

41
Q

What is refraction?

A

When a wave travels into a new medium and the speed changes, the wave changes direction which is refraction.

42
Q

Is the refraction towards the normal in a slower or faster medium?

A

Slower

43
Q

Is the refraction away from the normal in a slower or faster medium?

A

Faster

44
Q

What is the fastest thing light travels in?

A

Air/vacuum (Least dense)

45
Q

Are sound wave longtudinal or transverse?

A

Longtudinal

46
Q

What is the amplitude related to in sound waves?

A

Loudness - Greater amplitude, louder sound

47
Q

Any sound waves above human hearing are called …

A

Ultrasound

48
Q

How do you work out the speed of something?

A

Speed = Distance/Time

49
Q

Sound can be like light waves in the sense that…

A

Sound can be transmitted through materials, sound can be absorbed by materials and converted to heat, sound can be reflected and change direction when moving.

50
Q

What are echoes?

A

When hard surfaces reflect sound waves.

51
Q

What is the use of sonar?

A

The time difference between sending and receiving sound.

52
Q

What is the speed of sound in air?

A

340m/s

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