Science Test 2015 Flashcards
The Nervous System Is Made Up Of ?
- The Brain
- The Spinal Cord Nerves That Run To All Parts Of Your Body
The Brain Is Made Up Of ?
The Cerebrum, Cerebellum & The Brain Stem.
The Cerebrum Controls ?
- Memory, Speech & Conscious Thought
- Actions such as walking, running and jumping. These are known as voluntary actions.
The Cerebellum Controls ?
- Involuntary actions such as helping your balance and muscle coordination (e.g. Catching a ball)
The Brain Stem
Controls ?
- Other involuntary actions such as your heartbeat, pulse, digestion & breathing
The Nervous System Is Made Up Of ?
Highly specialised cells nerves or neurons.
Neurons Transmit ?
Electrical signals called impulses along to the next neuron.
What are the two different types of neurons ?
Sensory and motor neurons
What are motor neurons ?
Motor
All the systems in your body are controlled by 2 important systems :
The Nervous System & The Endocrine System.
What are motor neurons ?
Motor neurons transmit messages from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands.
What is a reflex action ?
Sometimes a nerve impulse takes a short cut to the spinal cord and back. This is called a reflex action
What is the order of a reflex action ?
- Flash of Light
- Receptors In Eye
- Sensory Neuron
- Spinal Cord
- Motor Neuron
- Pupil
- Pupil Decreases
What are sensory neurons ?
Sensory neurons transmit messages from sense receptors to the brain or spinal cord.
Motor Neurons…..
Carry messages from brain to muscles or glands
The endocrine system
The endocrine system is made up of endocrine glands throughout the body that produce chemical messages called hormones.
Hormones are ?
Made by endocrine glands and pass directly into the bloodstream
What is the pituitary gland ?
It instructs other endocrine glands to release their hormones
Muscles generate heat …
Which increases the temperature of the blood
A receptor in the brain ?
Sends out messages to your skin
Sweat glands …
Cause extra heat to be lost
What is the order of the process to maintain your body’s temperature ?
- Muscles generate heat
- A receptor in the brain sends a message to your skin
- Sweat glands cause this extra heat to be lost
- Temperature falls again
- Receptors in the brain send out a message to reduce heat loss
- Body temperature gradually rises
What is the negative feedback system ?
The system of control is called q negative feedback system, as the response reduces the effect of the original stimulus
What is homeostasis ?
The maintenance of a constant internal environment despite changes in the external environment.
How much of your body is water ?
70 percent
You constantly lose water by ?
Evaporation , breathing, & in your waste products.
The kidneys ?
Filter wastes from your blood and maintain the water balance in your body.
As blood flows through the kidneys …
Water and dissolved wastes pass out of the blood
A lot of water is ?
Reabsorbed and a concentrated solution urine flows into the bladder for storage
What part of the body do hormones act on ?
Hormones can act on the whole body system, body systems and on individual glands.
Nerves can only act on ?
Muscles and glands
Mammals and birds ?
Maintain a constant body temperature
