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8th Grade 1st semester > Science; test 2 > Flashcards

Science; test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

asymmetry

A

no lines of symmetry (sponge)

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2
Q

radical

A

lots of symmetry (jellyfish)

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3
Q

bialateral

A

only one line of symmetry (person)

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4
Q

living things are made of

A

cells

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5
Q

cells then group to form

A

tissue

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6
Q

tissue group to form

A

organs

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7
Q

organs make a

A

organ system

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8
Q

an organ system ultimatly makes

A

a body

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9
Q

to have high functioning organ systems you must

A

body symmetry
body cavity
segmentation
verterbral column
protection from the sun
internal temp regulation
protection of young

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10
Q

A

A

dominant

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11
Q

a

A

recessive

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12
Q

homogenious

A

the same, alike

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13
Q

hetrogenious

A

different, unlike

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14
Q

genotype

A

the 2 allels on your chromosomes
AA, Aa, aa

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15
Q

phenotype

A

the phyical characcteristics that hte alles describe
green, red, brown

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16
Q

complete

A

3 genotypes, 2 phenotypes, dominant, widow peak/tonuge roll

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17
Q

incomplete dominance

A

3 genotypes, 3 phenotypes, blend, roses/carnations

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18
Q

codominance

A

3 genotypes, 3 phenotypes, both at full strength, cow color/blood types

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19
Q

x linked

A

4 genotypes, 3 phenotypes, depends on gender, color blindness

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20
Q

hemizygous

A

males that have a useless y chromosomes

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21
Q

agglunination

A

clumping triggers the immune system

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22
Q

bloody type A

A

antigen A, antibody B, can give blood to A and AB, can get blood from A and O

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23
Q

blood type B

A

antigen B, antibody A, can give to B and AB, can get from B and O

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24
Q

blood type AB

A

antigen AB, no antibodys
can give to AB, can get from everybody, genotypes AB

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25
Q

bloody type O

A

antigen none, antibody A and B, can give blood to everyone, can get from only O, genotypes OO

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26
Q

rh factor

A

with Rh = dominant
without Rh = recessive

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27
Q

frequency

A

a change in living organisms over time/a change in the frequency of allels in a population over generations

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28
Q

mutation

A

allels cahnge because of random base pair changes
(babies become lac-tose tolerant over time)

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29
Q

genetic drift

A

allels frequency change because there is suddenly a small population from which to draw allels,
(a low population regenerates stronger over time)

30
Q

gene flow

A

allels change because new populations mingle
(when dominant genes overtake other dominant genes)

31
Q

natural selection

A

allels change because they become better suited to the enviroment
(white moths turn into black moths)

32
Q

gregor mendal

A

father of modern genetic, showed hoe traits are inherited, peaplants, monk teacher garderner, no funds for school

33
Q

reginald C. Punnet

A

proffesor of genetic in the united kingdom, propabities of genetic outcome, 2 marine worms are named after him, degree in zoology

34
Q

karl landsteiner

A

father of transfusion medicine, discovered 4 human blood types, landsteiners principla, born in Australia, won a nobel prize

35
Q

Charles Darwin

A

wrote orgin of species, naturalist, biologist, explorer, believied in natural progressive theory

36
Q

segmentation leads to

A

free movement and development of certain body parts

37
Q

how many parts of the brain are there

A

6

38
Q

frontal lobe

A

logic and thinking

39
Q

motor cortex

A

specialized area for senses

40
Q

parental lobe

A

movement, response to stimuli

41
Q

occipital lobe

A

visual proccesing

42
Q

cerebellum

A

muscle control, balance

43
Q

temporal lobe

A

memory, speech, hearing

44
Q

coelum

A

the main body cavity

45
Q

endothermic

A

being able to regulate your body tempature

46
Q

exothermic

A

body temp stays the same where ever

47
Q

ectothermic

A

body temp changes on the enviroment

48
Q

internal gestation

A

to carry babies on the inside

49
Q

protien

A

use:build tissues/other molecules
test:biruet test
monomer:amino acids

50
Q

lipid

A

use:membrane/energy storage
test:droplet test
monomer: fatty acids

51
Q

sugar and starches

A

use:energy (ATP)
test: sugar (benidict test) starch (iodine test)
monomer: monosacchonde

52
Q

nucleic acids

A

use:genetic information/storage
test: nemotoxylin
monomer: nucleotides

53
Q

catabolic

A

breaks bigger molecules down

54
Q

anabolic

A

makes larger molecules from smaller molecules

55
Q

metabolism

A

a chemical reaction that occurs with food to turn it into energy within the digestive system

56
Q

activation energy

A

the hump on the line after reactants and before products, it is important because the higher the hump, the slower the reaction

56
Q

enzymes

A

special protiens that allow metabolic reactions to occur speeds them up

  1. enzyme concentration
  2. substrate concentration
  3. competitive inhibitors
  4. non-competitive inhibitors
57
Q

endothermic

A

absorb heat

58
Q

exothermic

A

release heat

59
Q

atp

A

provide reusable energy between the second and third phosphate groups

60
Q

protien enzyme

A

pepsin trypsin

61
Q

lipid enzyme

A

lipase

62
Q

sugar and startch enzyme

A

amylase pectinase

63
Q

nucliec acids enzyme

A

nuclease

64
Q

catalysts

A

protiens that help a reaction start

65
Q

gamma bond

A

the bond between two phosphates

66
Q

instestine purpose

A

enzymatic digestion and absorption of nutrients
aborbstion of water and electrolights
removal of solid waste from body

67
Q

large intestion

A

5 feet long
site of water absorbtion
aka: the colon

68
Q

small intestion

A

22 feet long
duodenum lleum jejunum

69
Q

villi

A

shaggy hair
lactates increase surface area
absorbs into blood vessels and lymphatic vessels

70
Q

lacteal

A

a blood vessel that takes away fat from digestive areas

8th Grade 1st semester (16 decks)

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