Science quiz unit 3 Flashcards
how many alleles does everyone have
2
variation leads to
diversity
what is an allele
the natural variotion of a gene
what is a genotype
AA Aa aa
what is a phenotype
the physical characteristics that the allels describe
brown fur is dominant to white fur
statement of dominance
homo
pure bread
hetro
hybrid
zygote
the first cell
complete (medalian)
3 genotypes, 2 phenotypes, dominant is uppercase
incomplete dominance
3 genotypes, 3 phenotypes, blend
codominance
3 genotypes, 3 phenotypes, both at full strength (freckles)
xHxH
healthy female
XHXh
carrier female
xhxh
unhealthy female
xhy
unhealthy male
xHy
healthy male
antigens
protiens that carry an immune response
agglutination
clumping triggers the immune response
blood type A
antigen A, anibody B, can give blood to A and AB, can get blood from A and O, genotypes AA AO
blood type B
antigen B, antibody A, can give to B and AB, can get from B and O, genotypes BB BO
blood type AB (rarest)
antigen A and B
no antibody
can give blood to AB
can get blood from everyone
genotypes AB
type O
no antigens
antibody A and B
can give to everyone
can get from O
genotypes OO
evolution
a change in living organisms over time
changes in alleles=
enviromental pressure
mutation
alleles change because of random base pair changes that doesn’t cause apoptosis (lactose and tolerant)
genetic drift
alleles frequency change because there is suddenly a small population from which to draw alleles (a low population regenerates over time)
gene flow
alleles change because new populations mingle (dominant genes take over)
natural selection (survival of the fittest)
alleles change because they become better suited to the enviroment (white moths turn into black moths)
