Science test Flashcards
What can a trait be determined by?
Genes- Dominate and recessive
What causes diseases that are inherited?
Genetics- can be dominate (Marfan’s Syndrome)
Or recessive (Type 1 Diabetes)
What is asexual and sexual reproduction?
Asexual- 1 parent-ex. Clone, runner, budding (yeast), splitting (bacteria)
Sexual-2 parents-ex. Does not have to be mommy and daddy, pollen and egg in flower, male and female parts of an earthworm.
What is the only time the offspring of asexual reproduction is not the same?
Mutation can change gene in asexual reproduction
What can reproduce sexually? Asexually?
Sexually- Most animals, most plants, most fungus, and some singled celled
Asexually- Bacteria, some fungus, some single celled, and some plants.
Example of Homozygous dominant? Homozygous recessive? Heterozygous?
Homozygous dominant- TT(same)
Homozygous recessive- tt (same)
Heterozygous- Tt (different)
What does(T) represent? What does (t) represent?
T- Dominate- masks recessive
t- recessive- masked by dominant
What is the 50/50 Rule?
Both parents contribute 50% of genes
Who is the “Father of Genetics?”
Father Gregor Mendel- pea plants-3 to four generations in one growing season, wide variety of characteristics
Humans have ________ copies of each chromosome.
46 chromosomes in a human body cell
23 pairs of chromosomes
22 of these pairs are body chromosomes
1 pair are sex chromosomes-XX and Xy
Sex cells (sperm and egg)–23 chromosomes
Know Critter genetics. (Punnett Square)
Blue and orange tail colors
Blue- dominate
Orange- recessive
Sky(TT) and Poppy(tt)- parent generation
Second generation had all blue tails(Tt) hybrid
Third generation- Ocean and Lucey’s pups
75% blue(TT and Tt) 25% orange(tt)
Know color blindness sex linked traits (Punnett Square)
N- Normal
n-color blind
XNy x XNXn
-2 Normal Females, 1 normal male, 1 colorblind male(Xny)
Chances of you being male or female? Who made you male or female? (Punnett Square)
Dad made you male(y) or female(X)
Mom can only give you X chromosomes
