Science Terms Flashcards
This is from the Squiz app and Science Dictionary by Farlex app on my phone.
Define: Acid
A substance with a pH less than 7.
Define: Acid-carbonate Reaction
A neutralization reaction that produces a salt, water and carbon dioxide gas.
Define: Acidification
An increase in the concentration of hydrogen ions in a substance.
Define: Alkali
A base that dissolves in water.
Define: Base
A substance with a pH greater than 7.
Define: Caustic
Able to burn or corrode, especially living materials such as skin.
Define: Corrosive
Able to damage or destroy another substance by a chemical reaction.
Define: Distilled Water
A substance with equal numbers of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions.
Define: Hydrogen Ion
An ion that is released by acids in solution.
Define: Hydroxide Ion
An ion that is released by bases in solution.
Define: Indicator
Any substance that changes color when mixed with an acid or base.
Define: Ion
An atom or molecule with a net charge.
Define: Litmus
A dye that turns red in acidic solutions and blue in alkaline solutions.
Define: Neutral Substance
A substance with a pH of 7.
Define: Neutralization
A reaction between an acid and a base to produce a salt and water.
Define: pH Scale
The standard way of measuring the strengths of acids and bases.
Define: Reactive
Tending to chemically interact with other substances.
Define: Solution
A type of mixture formed when one substance dissolves in another.
Define: Strong Acid
A substance with a pH of 0-3.
Define: Strong Base
A substance with a pH of 11-14.
Define: Universal Indicator
A dye that turns many different colors at different pH values.
Define: Weak Acid
A substance with a pH of 4-6.
Define: Weak Base
A substance with a pH of 8-10.
Define: Atom
The smallest particle of an element.
Define: Atomic Number
The number of protons in an atom.
Define: Charge
An electrical property of matter.
Define: Electron
A very small subatomic particle with negative charge.
Define: Electron Cloud Model
A model of the atom in which electrons move freely.
Define: Element
A substance made up of only one type of atom.
Define: Elementary Particle
A particle which, in the present state of knowledge, cannot be described as compound, and is thus one of the fundamental constituents of all matter.
Define: String Theory
A theory of elementary particles based on the idea that the fundamental entities are not pointlike particles but finite lines, known as strings, or closed loops formed by strings.
Define: Fundamental Forces
The four basic forces of nature: the gravitational force, the electromagnetic force, and the two nuclear forces, the strong force and the weak force.
Define: Gravitational Force
The force on a particle due to its gravitational attraction to other particles.
