Science study guide: Moon, Earth, and Sun Flashcards
If you went to the moon and measured your mass and weight what would find when you compared it to mass and weight you measure on Earth?
Mass is the same for both places and weight is more on Earth than on the Moon
We two factors act together to keep planets orbiting the sun?
Gravity and inertia
We see different moon phases on Earth because ________?
Of how much of the sunlit side of the moon faces Earth
What science concepts best supports the fact that the gravitational force of Jupiter is greater than other planets in our solar system?
If mass increase, gravity increases. Jupiter largest mass of planets. Therefore has the strongest gravity.
Planets are large enough to have “cleaned their neighborhoods of smaller objects” The best reason for this is _______?
The gravity of larger planets (attracts) pull in smaller objects to become part of the planet.
Define galaxy:
A huge group of single stars/systems, star clusters, dust, gas held together by gravity.
List 3 types of GALAXY
Spiral, elliptical, and irregular
What type is our galaxy
Milky Way is Spiral
Define nebula:
A large cloud of gas and dust in space
Define equinox:
The two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted towards or away from the sun
Define solstice:
The two days of the year on which the sun reaches its greatest distance north or south of the equator
The universal Law of Gravitation:
Every object in the universe attracts every other object
What is the name of our galaxy?
Milky Way
What causes the Earth to experience sunrise and sunset?
Rotation of Earth on its axis
What causes a lunar eclipse?
Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon
What causes a solar eclipse?
The moon blocks sunlight from reaching a portion of Earth’s surface
Define gravity:
The force pulls object towards each other
The moon closest to the sun is:
New moon
The moon furthest from the sun is:
Full moon
The moon above the Earth is:
Third quarter
The moon below the Earth is:
First quarter
The orbital motions of the object in the solar system are the direct result of _________ of the sun.
Gravity
What causes the changes of Earth’s season
The tilt of the axis of Earth and revolution (orbit) of Earth around the sun
(look at the diagram) Earth then moon, and then the sun
The Earth will rotate while the moon will revolve around the Earth which revolves around the sun.
(Diagram)
Tips:
- Look for patterns
- proportions
Arrange the list of the areas of the universe in order from the largest to the smallest.
Milky Way Galaxy, our solar system, sun, earth, and moon
Sun’s ray hits earth during spring:
Even hours day/night
Sun’s ray hits earth during summer:
Ray hit directly more hour sunlight
Sun’s ray hits earth during Fall:
Close to even hours day/night
Sun’s ray hits earth during winter:
Rays hit indirectly less hour of day/sunlight
Why don’t we have solar and lunar eclipses each month?
Moon’s orbit is slightly tilted about 5 degrees with respect to Earth’s orbit around the sun
