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EC-6 EXCET > Science/SS > Flashcards

Science/SS Flashcards

1
Q

My very excellent mother just served us nachos.

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

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2
Q

Newton’s first law

A

object at rest tends to stay at rest unless acted on by a force (or motion-motion) same as Galileo’s inertia

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3
Q

Newton’s second law

A

force = mass x acceleration

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4
Q

Newton’s third law

A

for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

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5
Q

simple machines

A

lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane

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6
Q

physical change

A

shape, energy and states of matter, cause by motion, temperature, pressure

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7
Q

chemical change

A

change in color, rust, burning

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8
Q

mixtures

A

can be separated (saltwater)

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9
Q

solutions

A

mixed and cannot be separated

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10
Q

Igneous

A

formed from magma, granite

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11
Q

sedimentary

A

too lazy to move out of way of wind and water so get combined and layered up, limestone, sandstone

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12
Q

metamorphic

A

changes under intense heat and pressure, marble, shale

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13
Q

Atmosphere - The silly ostrich mostly tanned every day.

A

troposhpere, stratosphere, ozone, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere,

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14
Q

constancy example

A

earth’s rotation and revolution is at constant intervals

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15
Q

change example

A

change of positionof earth determines day/night, seasons

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16
Q

cycle example

A

revolutions (years) and rotations (day/night) are cycles

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17
Q

structure example

A

location and position of Earth’s structure remains constant

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18
Q

process example

A

how the earth and the sun interact with others in the system

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19
Q

displacement

A

change in position from point A to point B

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20
Q

velocity

A

displacement/time

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21
Q

acceleration

A

time rate of change in velocity

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22
Q

forces

A

physical quantities that cause motion

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23
Q

heat

A

thermal energy measured by joules

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24
Q

conduction

A

heat energy transfer in solids (touching a hot stove)

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25
Q

convection

A

heat energy transfer in liquids (cooling of coffee after add cream)

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26
Q

radiation

A

heat energy transfer in space (earth’s surface warmed by the sun)

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27
Q

light

A

energy that travels as waves in space

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28
Q

electromagnetic spectrum

A

wavelengths including radio, micro, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays

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29
Q

primary colors

A

red, green, blue

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30
Q

complimentary colors

A

cyan, magenta, yellow

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31
Q

reflection

A

angle of incident light is equal to angle of reflected light

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32
Q

refraction

A

change of direction when light moves between two transparent media (air to water)

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33
Q

electric charge

A

cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred

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34
Q

conductors

A

most metals that electric charge moves easily through

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35
Q

insulators

A

electric charge does not move easily, glass, rubber, plastic, paper

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36
Q

kinetic energy

A

energy of an object in motion

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37
Q

potential energy

A

stored energy of an object (gravitational potential energy, elastic potential energy, chemical potential energy)

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38
Q

mechanical energy

A

sum of kinetic plus potential energy

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39
Q

chemical energy

A

occurs as a result of the bonds of chemicals (example-food)

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40
Q

thermal energy

A

heat, energy occurs as a result of temperature change

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41
Q

sound energy

A

sound vibrations

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42
Q

light energy

A

light produced when elextrons change energy levels and emit photons

43
Q

solar energy

A

result of the sun

44
Q

electrical energy

A

moving eletrical charges

45
Q

law of conservation of energy

A

energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed

46
Q

organelles

A

little organs inside a cell

47
Q

membrane

A

border which protect cell structures and controls what moves in and out

48
Q

unicellular

A

bacteria

49
Q

multicellular

A

plants, animals, humans, etc.

50
Q

plant life cycle

A

seed, germination, stems & roots, flower

51
Q

animal life cycle 1

A

egg, caterpillar, pupa, butterfly

52
Q

animal life cycle 2

A

egg, chicks, chicken

53
Q

animal life cycle 3

A

egg, tadpole, frog

54
Q

adaptations

A

inherited characteristics that aid survival in environment (coloration, waterproof, webbed feet, teeth, horns, nocturnal, hibernation, ability to dissipate heat, survive exreme cold

55
Q

stimulus

A

action or condition that initiates rsponse

56
Q

water cycle

A

evaporation, condensation, cloud formation, precipitation

57
Q

crust

A

outer layer of sand and rock

58
Q

mantle

A

rock extends to halfway to center of earth

59
Q

outer core

A

liquid or molten rock, iron and nickel

60
Q

inner core

A

solid rock of iron and nickel

61
Q

physical weathering

A

physical or mechanical forces in the disintegration of rocks

62
Q

chemical weathering

A

decompostioion or alteration of rocks through chemical processes.

63
Q

new moon

A

0-7 moon between earth and sun (not visible)

64
Q

first quarter

A

8-14 one half is visible

65
Q

full moon

A

15-22 earth between the sun and moon

66
Q

last (third) quarter

A

23-29 one half visible

67
Q

scientific inquiry (method)

A

question, hypothesis, select way to gather information, make observations & collect data, organize & evaluate data, defend conclusion

68
Q

Texas History Eras

A

Spanish 1519-1821, Mexican 1821-1835, Revolution 1835-1836, Republic 1836-1845, Antebellum 1846-1861, Civil War 1861-1865, Reconstruction 1866-1877

69
Q

Coahuiltecans

A

coastal plains hunter gatherers, nomadic

70
Q

Karankawas

A

Texas coast, nomadic

71
Q

Trans-Pecos

A

rock shelters, permanent housing, desert climate, adobe-cooler in desert climate

72
Q

Caddos

A

Coastal Plains, Piney Woords, farmers, corn main crop, frame houses relatively permanent, “Tejas”=friend

73
Q

Tonkawas

A

nomadic buffalo hunters and gatherers in central Texas

74
Q

Shawnee & Kickapoo

A

migrated to Texas during Republic era

75
Q

13th amendment

A

abolished slaves

76
Q

14th amendment

A

made slaves citizens

77
Q

15th amendment

A

granted right to vote to slaves

78
Q

abolitionism

A

18th & 19th century abolish slavery

79
Q

women’s suffrage

A

19th & 20th century right to vote

80
Q

temperance movement

A

19th & 20th century reduce/prevent alcohol comsumption

81
Q

troposphere

A

earth’s surface to 9 miles up - weather layer lower atmosphere

82
Q

stratosphere

A

troposphere to 31 miles contains the ozone layer lower atmosphere

83
Q

mesophere

A

stratosphere to 53 miles-middle atmosphere

84
Q

thermosphere

A

mesosphere to 372 miles, auroras here outer atmosphere

85
Q

exosphere

A

thermosphere to 40,000 miles outer atmosphere

86
Q

Geographic regions of Texas

A

Great Plains, Gulf Coast Plains, Trans-Pecos (Big Bend), North Central Plains

87
Q

tropical rainforest

A

year round high temp, much precipitation, diverse plant and animal life

88
Q

tropical dry forest

A

high temp, dry season, more deciduous trees than rainforest

89
Q

savanna

A

high temp, seasonal rainfall, tropical grasslands with scattered trees

90
Q

desert

A

high temp, but can be cold at night, low preciptation

91
Q

steppe

A

temperate with seasonal variation, mostly grasslands little diversity in plant and animal life

92
Q

temperate forest

A

temperate with seasonal variation in precip., rich soil, mostly deciduous trees

93
Q

taiga

A

cold winters with considreable snow, less diversity, coniferous trees

94
Q

tundra

A

long winters severe winds, limited sun, permanently frozen groud

95
Q

Six Flags over Texas

A

Spain 1500-1821, France 1685-1690, Mexico 1821-1836, Republic 1836-1845, Confederate 1861-1865, US 1845-1861 & 1865-present

96
Q

Jane Long

A

mother of Texas-first Anglo to bear a child in Texas

97
Q

Ma Ferguson

A

governor of Texas 1925-1927, 1933-1935

98
Q

Barbara Jordan

A

first African-American woman from a southern state to serve in Congress 1973

99
Q

electronic products

A

largest export from Texas

100
Q

Texas exports

A

cotton, cattle oil, natural gas

101
Q

Spindletop

A

1901

102
Q

Dred Scott v Sanford 1857

A

slaves and descendants are private property whose rights are not protected by Constitution

103
Q

Plessy v Ferguson

A

upheld segregation, separate but equal

104
Q

Brown v Board of Education

A

overturned Plessy

EC-6 EXCET (4 decks)

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