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EC-6 EXCET > ELA > Flashcards

ELA Flashcards

1
Q

phonology

A

sounds of language

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2
Q

semantics

A

meanings of words and phrases

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3
Q

syntax

A

common basic structure (subject, verb, object)

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4
Q

pragmatics

A

rules for effective communication

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5
Q

phonological awareness

A

notice and think about sounds

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6
Q

phonemic awareness

A

recognize the sound of spoken language, notice and manipulate sounds in spoken language

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7
Q

graphophonemic

A

knowledge of specific relationships between graphemes and phonemes (letters and sounds)

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8
Q

structural analysis

A

identification of morphemes (smallest units of MEANING in a word)

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9
Q

morpheme

A

smallest unit of MEANING in a word

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10
Q

phonemes

A

smalles SOUNDS in a spoken word, basic units of SOUND

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11
Q

metacognitive

A

thinking about thinking

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12
Q

pre-communicative writing

A

understands function of writing, but cannot make forms

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13
Q

morphology

A

rules for combining sounds into meaningful units

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14
Q

pre alphabetic

A

aware of relationships between sounds and letters (graphemes - letters and sounds they represent)

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15
Q

early alphabetic

A

blending single sounds into words

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16
Q

mature alphabetic

A

know and decipher simple words

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17
Q

orthography

A

nature and use of written symbols in language

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18
Q

tone

A

emotional expression, author’s explicit and implicit interpretations

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19
Q

style

A

distinctive manner of expression (phonemic word choices, syntactic-length and structure of sentences)

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20
Q

phonological development

A

babies hear phonemic distinctions

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21
Q

semantic development

A

holophrase=1 word for a complete thought “Milk”= I want some milk.

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22
Q

PPVT Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test

A

formal assessment - oral language development

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23
Q

TOLD Test of Oral Language Development

A

formal assessment - oral language development

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24
Q

dialogic reading

A

conversations about a story between teacher and students

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25
Q

metalinguistic knowledge

A

reflect and evaluate language

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26
Q

onset

A

consonant(s) at beginning of syllable

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27
Q

rime

A

vowels and consonants that follow the initial sound at the beginning of a syllable

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28
Q

phonemic awareness

A

one aspect of phonological awareness, rhyming, alliteration, blending

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29
Q

blending

A

combination of individual sounds

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30
Q

segmentation

A

division of words into sounds

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31
Q

TPRI Texas Primary Reading Inventory

A

K-2, phonemic awareness, listening comprehension, reading

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32
Q

TORF Test of REading Fluency

A

older students, reading fluency, accuracy

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33
Q

GORT-3 Gray Oral Reading Test-3

A

passages of increasing length and difficulty

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34
Q

Elkonin box

A

word box 1 sound per box, not one letter per box

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35
Q

alphabetic principle

A

consistent relationships between sounds and letters

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36
Q

grapheme

A

letter or letters that represent a phoneme (sound)

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37
Q

phonics

A

a method for teaching

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38
Q

emergent literacy

A

children’s beliefs & experiences with reading and writing prior to formal instruction (oral & written)

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39
Q

conventional literacy

A

reading and writing taught in school

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40
Q

print awareness

A

left to right orientation, print conveys meaning, etc.

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41
Q

environmental print

A

words in names and slogans M for McDonalds

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42
Q

invented spelling

A

developmental/phonetic spelling

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43
Q

choral reading

A

students/class reads aloud

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44
Q

guided reading

A

teacher explains purpose

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45
Q

word analysis

A

any strategy to help recognition of written words

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46
Q

sight words

A

instantly recognized without analysis

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47
Q

decoding

A

recognition of how written words sound

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48
Q

phonic analysis

A

identify sounds and blend sounds

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49
Q

diphthong

A

pair of adjacent vowels both heard “oy” in “toy”

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50
Q

consonant blends

A

pairs of adjacent consonants both heard “br” in “break”

51
Q

digraphs

A

adjacent vowels or consonants hear as a single sound “ch” in “cherry”

52
Q

prosody

A

pitch, ouldness, tempo, rhythm of language

53
Q

intonation

A

patterns of pitch that contribute to meaning

54
Q

Pre-reading stage

A

alphabetic and graphophonemic knowledge, but only know sight words

55
Q

Decoding stage

A

decode individual words 1st and 2nd grades

56
Q

Fluency stage

A

3rd grade and higher

57
Q

Read to Learn stage

A

end of elementary

58
Q

literal comprehension

A

explicitly stated in passage

59
Q

inferential comprehension

A

not explicit, but implied in passage

60
Q

anaphora

A

use of one word or phrase in place of another that has been previously used (pronouns)

61
Q

cause-effect

A

inferential comprehension

62
Q

evaluative comprehension

A

critical thinking, identify contradictions, judge accuracy, fact opinion

63
Q

narrative

A

story or sequence of events

64
Q

expository

A

information

65
Q

QAR Questions Answer Relationship

A
  1. right there 2. think and search 3. author & you 4. on your own
66
Q

story map

A

semantice map, semantic web, story web

67
Q

DRA directed reading activity

A

teacher directed

68
Q

DR-TA directed reading-thinking activity

A

student guided

69
Q

content literacy

A

use texts as source of info on given topic

70
Q

SQ3R

A

survey, question, read, recite, review

71
Q

SQ3R survey

A

title headings, graphics

72
Q

SQ3R question

A

formulate list of questions

73
Q

SQ3R read

A

read for answers

74
Q

SQ3R recite

A

state answers

75
Q

SQ3R review

A

verify and correct answers

76
Q

picture graph

A

shows quantities of items

77
Q

bar graph

A

compare

78
Q

line graph

A

show change over time

79
Q

circle graph

A

pie chart - parts of a whole

80
Q

text organizers

A

table of contents, glossary, headings, etc.

81
Q

spelling pre communicative

A

scribbles, mock letters

82
Q

spelling pre phonemic

A

letters represent sounds & words (invented or phonemic spelling)

83
Q

spelling phonemic

A

represent all basic sounds but many spelling mistakes

84
Q

spelling transitional

A

proportion of correct spellings increase, know some spelling patterns

85
Q

spelling conventional

A

fluency

86
Q

repeated reading

A

reread short passages, decoding becomes more automatic - fluency

87
Q

ORL oral recitation lessons

A

repeated reading exercises , interactions between teacher and students - fluency

88
Q

partner reading

A

paired reading-fluency

89
Q

familiar texts

A

fluency strategy

90
Q

self-correction & feedback

A

fluency strategy

91
Q

schemata

A

clusters of ideas about objects

92
Q

story schema

A

set of expectations about the internal structure of stories

93
Q

story grammar

A

elements & rules of elements

94
Q

holistic scoring

A

overall impression of the writing

95
Q

primary trait scoring

A

evaluate a specific characteristic of writing

96
Q

analytic scoring

A

compare student writing to a standard (other students of the same age)

97
Q

error analysis

A

identify specific weaknesses in student writing

98
Q

stages of writing process

A

prewriting, drafting, revising, editing, sharing

99
Q

linear medium

A

film - user does not control sequence

100
Q

non-linear medium

A

website with hot links - user does control sequence

101
Q

Print media

A

magazines, newspapers, paper

102
Q

visual media

A

photographs, film

103
Q

electronic media

A

TV, radio, computers

104
Q

computer-based media

A

CD-Rom, DVD

105
Q

streaming media

A

radio/TV, video clips on websites

106
Q

podcast

A

audio or video file that can be downloaded and viewed

107
Q

hypermedia

A

hyperlinks to text, audio, and video

108
Q

wiki

A

collaborative web site

109
Q

blog

A

web log

110
Q

social network

A

Facebook, Twitter

111
Q

simulated journal

A

student writes from historical character’s perspective

112
Q

dialogue journal

A

written conversation between students or teacher/student

113
Q

norm referenced test

A

measure student performance compared to other students

114
Q

criterion referenced test

A

measures how well a student meets set standards or expectations

115
Q

Informal Reading Inventory

A

accuracy of pronounciation in oral reading plus comprehension questions over oral and silent reading

116
Q

Reading Miscue Inventory

A

identify difficulties and strategies used by student

117
Q

running record

A

written account of changes in specific behavior over time

118
Q

Independent Reading Level

A

95% pronounciation 90% comprehension questions

119
Q

Instructional Readling Level

A

90-94% pronounciation 70-89% comprehension questions

120
Q

Frustration Reading Level

A

below 50% pronounciation and comprehension questions

121
Q

Summative assessment

A

after completion, grades evaluative feedback

122
Q

Formative assessment

A

prior to completion, allow students to revise and improve

123
Q

writing assessment

A

anecdotally - observation, check lists - observation

124
Q

portfolio

A

collection of materials that shows progress over time

EC-6 EXCET (4 decks)

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