Science SG Flashcards
The maximum distance the particles of a medium move away from their resting position as waves travel through the medium.
Amplitude
Perception of a frequency of a sound.
Pitch
The continuous flow of electricity through a material.
Electric Current
Transverse wave that transfers electrical and magnetic energy.
Electromagnetic Wave
The tendency of an object to resist change in motion.
Inertia
Curved piece of glass or other transparent material that is used to diffract light.
Lens
The region around a magnet where the magnetic force is exerted.
Magnetic Field
Waves that require a medium to travel through.
Mechanical Wave
The bouncing back of an object or wave when it hits a surface it can’t pass through.
Reflection
The measurement of how difficult it is for charges to flow through a material.
Resistance
A device that allows you to do work in a way that is easier or more effective.
Machine
The measure of how hard it is to stop an object.
Momentum
Wave that moves the medium in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the waves travel.
Transverse Wave
Perception of the energy of a sound.
Loudness
The reaction between waves that meet.
Interference
The difference between the two corresponding parts of the wave.
Wavelength
The number of complete waves that pass a given point per unit of time.
Frequency
Magnet that keeps it’s magnetism.
Permanent Magnet
Magnet that easily loses it’s magnetism.
Temporary Magnet
What is the magnetosphere?The region of Earth’s magnetic field shaped by the solar wind.
Magnetosphere?
How does the magnetosphere relate to the sun?
The solar wind comes from the Sun.
How does light that enters your eye perceive it as an image to the brain?
The cornea makes the image upside down. Rods and cones change the image into signals.
Name the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum in order of frequency.
Radio, Micro, Infrared, Visible, Ultraviolet, X-Ray, Gamma
Give a real-world example for each type of wave in the electromagnetic spectrum.
Radio, Microwave, Infrared Camera, Seeing, UV Lamps, X-Rays, Cancer Treatment
Explain what sound is, how it travels, and what type of wave it is.
Sound is a disturbance that travels through a medium as a longitudinal wave as a vibration
How are frequency and amplitude perceived by the ear?
Larger amplitude= louder sound
What does Ohm’s law state?
Resistance is equal to the voltage divided by the current
What metals are magnetic?
Iron, Nickel, Cobalt, Copper, Silver
What type of circuit?: One path; a bulb breaks, rest go out
Series circuit
What type of circuit?: Multiple paths; a bulb breaks, rest still work
Parallel Circuit
Force apllied to an object.
Applied Force
Force through a string, rope, cable, or wire when it is pulled tight by forces acting from opposite ends.
Tension Force
Force of Weight
Gravity
Support force exerted upon an object that is in contact with another stable object.
Normal Force
Force exerted by a surface as an object moves across it or makes an effort to move across it.
Friction Force
Force that acts upon objects as they travel through the air.
Air Resistance Force
Force exerted by a compressed or stretched spring upon any object that is attached to it.
Spring Force
Explain what properties of a medium affect the speed of a sound.
Elasticity, Density, Temperature
Mirror that consists of two convex lenses.
Refracting Telescope
Mirror that uses a large concave mirror to gather light.
Reflecting Telescope
An object will remain at rest, and an object moving at a constant velocity will continue moving at a constant velocity, unless it is acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Newton’s 1st Law of Motion
Acceleration depends on the object’s mass and the net force acting on the object.
Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion
If one object exerts a force on another object, then the second object exerts a force of equal strength in the opposite direction on the first object.
Newtons’s 3rd Law of Motion
Attraction or repulsion of electric charges.
Electric Force
What are the three ways electrons can be transferred?
Friction, Induction, Conduction
What are the factors that determine the resistance of an electrical current?
What the material is made of, length, diameter, and temperature.
Flat-sloped surface.
Inclined Plane
Device that is thick at one end and tapers to a thin edge at the other end.
Wedge
An inclined plane wrapped around a central cylinder.
Screw
Simple machine made of two circular or cylindrical objects fastened together that rotate around a common axis.
Wheel & Axle
Rigid bar that is free to pivot, or rotate, on a fixed point.
Lever
Simple machine made of a grooved wheel with a rope or cable wrapped around it.
Pulley
Reflection that occurs when parallel rays of light hit a smooth surface and all reflect at the same angle.
Regular Reflection
Reflection that occurs when parallel rays of light hit a rough surface and reflect at different angles.
Diffuse Reflection
Contracts and expands the pupil.
Pupil, Iris
Refracts light to form an image.
Convex Lens
Muscles that hold the lens in place.
Ciliary Muscles
Change the image to signals.
Rods and Cones
Transmits signal to the brain
Optic Nerve
Funnels sound waves into the ear.
Outer Ear
Transmits wave inward.
Middle Ear
Formula for Work
Work = Force x Distance
Formula for Power
Power = Work/Time
Formula for Mechanical Advantage
Mechanical Advantage = Output Force/input Force
Scientist that paved the way for Newton.
Galileo Galilei
Proposed 3 laws of Motion
Isaac Newton
Made a connection between the weight of displaced fluid and the buoyant force.
Archimedes
When force is applied to a confined fluid, the change in pressure is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid
Pascal
Amp/Ampere is the unit rate of a current.
Andre-Marie Ampere
Investigated resistance.
Geaorg Ohm
Built the first electric battery.
Alessandro Volta
Unit for Speed/Velocity
Meters/Second
Unit for Acceleration
Meters/Seconds Squared
Unit for Force
Newton
Unit for Work
Joule
Unit for Power
Watt
Unit for Pressure
Pascal
Unit for Frequency/Pitch
Hertz
Unit for Resistance
Ohm
Unit for Voltage
Volt
Unit for Loudness
Decibel
Unit for Current
Amp
